﻿H. 
  22. 
  Mill 
  — 
  Glacial 
  Land-Forms 
  of 
  the 
  Alps. 
  125 
  

  

  allowed 
  the 
  interglacial 
  deposits 
  to 
  form 
  on 
  its 
  margins, 
  which 
  

   are 
  now 
  represented 
  by 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  lateral 
  terrace. 
  

  

  From 
  Innsbruck 
  the 
  excursion 
  proceeded 
  by 
  rail 
  along 
  the 
  

   Inn 
  valley 
  into 
  Bavaria, 
  then 
  by 
  a 
  branch 
  line 
  across 
  the 
  glacial 
  

   amphitheater 
  of 
  the 
  Inn, 
  and 
  the 
  monotonous 
  plain 
  south 
  of 
  

   Munich 
  to 
  Deisenhofen, 
  whence 
  the 
  Isar 
  was 
  reached 
  on 
  foot. 
  

   The 
  contrast 
  of 
  the 
  uniform 
  levels 
  and 
  low 
  moraine 
  hills 
  of 
  

   this 
  northern 
  slope, 
  with 
  their 
  ranges 
  of 
  rather 
  dwarfish 
  pines 
  

   in 
  monotonous 
  plantations, 
  was 
  sharp 
  when 
  compared 
  with 
  the 
  

   more 
  abrupt 
  slopes 
  and 
  richer 
  vegetation 
  of 
  the 
  southern 
  side. 
  

   The 
  true 
  plateau 
  character 
  of 
  this 
  country 
  appeared 
  when, 
  

   after 
  a 
  walk 
  of 
  several 
  miles 
  along 
  a 
  straight 
  and 
  absolutely 
  

   level 
  road, 
  a 
  break 
  in 
  the 
  line 
  of 
  trees 
  in 
  front 
  showed 
  the 
  

   swift 
  Isar 
  flowing 
  almost 
  at 
  our 
  feet, 
  and 
  a 
  steep 
  path 
  descend- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  gorge 
  to 
  its 
  shore. 
  Crossing 
  the 
  river 
  we 
  reached 
  

   Hollriegelskreut, 
  and 
  saw 
  a 
  succession 
  of 
  sections 
  demonstrat- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  triple 
  glaciation 
  and 
  intermediate 
  genial 
  periods. 
  Next 
  

   day 
  a 
  trip 
  was 
  made 
  from 
  Munich 
  to 
  the 
  Wurmsee, 
  or 
  Lake 
  of 
  

   Starnberg 
  ; 
  but 
  the 
  weather 
  proved 
  so 
  unfavorable 
  that, 
  for 
  

   the 
  first 
  time 
  on 
  the 
  excursion, 
  the 
  full 
  programme 
  for 
  the 
  day 
  

   as 
  planned 
  by 
  the 
  leaders 
  could 
  not 
  be 
  carried 
  out. 
  It 
  was 
  

   possible, 
  however, 
  to 
  visit 
  a 
  remarkable 
  surface 
  of 
  interglacial 
  

   conglomerate 
  at 
  Berg, 
  which 
  has. 
  been 
  enclosed 
  and 
  placed 
  

   under 
  cover 
  by 
  the 
  German 
  and 
  Austrian 
  Alpine 
  Club, 
  a 
  body 
  

   which 
  has 
  rendered 
  inestimable 
  services 
  to 
  the 
  scientific 
  visitor, 
  

   as 
  well 
  as 
  the 
  tourist 
  and 
  climber, 
  along 
  the 
  whole 
  line 
  of 
  the 
  

   Eastern 
  Alps. 
  This 
  surface 
  is 
  so 
  strongly 
  glaciated 
  that 
  the 
  

   rock 
  is 
  polished 
  as 
  if 
  by 
  a 
  lapidary, 
  and 
  the 
  internal 
  structure 
  

   of 
  every 
  constituent 
  pebble 
  is 
  clearly 
  seen. 
  The 
  characteristic 
  

   stride 
  are 
  there, 
  showing 
  how 
  the 
  glacier, 
  long 
  since 
  shrunk 
  

   back 
  to 
  the 
  obscurity 
  of 
  the 
  central 
  Alpine 
  ridge, 
  had 
  advanced 
  

   over 
  the 
  hardened 
  mass 
  of 
  cemented 
  pebbles 
  sorted 
  out 
  by 
  

   water 
  from 
  an 
  earlier 
  moraine, 
  and 
  cut 
  by 
  its 
  intense 
  erosive 
  

   power 
  through 
  pebbles 
  and 
  matrix 
  alike. 
  The 
  Wurmsee 
  is 
  

   deeper 
  below 
  the 
  general 
  level 
  of 
  the 
  plain 
  than 
  the 
  surround- 
  

   ing 
  hills 
  are 
  high 
  above 
  the 
  surface, 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  entirely 
  sur- 
  

   rounded 
  by 
  the 
  interglacial 
  deposits 
  known 
  as 
  Deckensc 
  hotter, 
  

   in 
  which 
  it 
  seems 
  probable 
  that 
  the 
  whole 
  basin 
  was 
  eroded 
  

   beneath 
  the 
  pressure 
  of 
  the 
  last 
  great 
  ice 
  sheet. 
  

  

  In 
  concluding 
  this 
  short 
  account 
  of 
  a 
  delightful 
  and 
  memo- 
  

   rable 
  excursion, 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  of 
  advantage 
  to 
  define 
  the 
  nomen- 
  

   clature 
  and 
  summarize 
  the 
  general 
  theoretical 
  conclusions 
  

   arrived 
  at 
  by 
  Drs. 
  Penck, 
  Bruckner, 
  and 
  Du 
  Pasquier. 
  

  

  Glacial 
  deposits, 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  they 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  Alps, 
  are 
  divided 
  

   into 
  two 
  classes 
  — 
  the 
  glacial, 
  or 
  moraines 
  properly 
  so 
  called 
  ; 
  

   and 
  the 
  fluvio- 
  glacial, 
  or 
  alluvia 
  formed 
  by 
  the 
  action 
  of 
  run- 
  

   ning 
  water 
  on 
  moraines. 
  The 
  latter 
  are 
  usually 
  clearly 
  strati- 
  

  

  