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  0. 
  C. 
  Marsh 
  — 
  Pithecanthropus 
  erectus 
  from 
  Java. 
  

  

  its 
  smooth 
  upper 
  surface 
  and 
  general 
  form, 
  it 
  shows 
  a 
  resem- 
  

   blance 
  to 
  the 
  skull 
  of 
  the 
  Chimpanzee, 
  and 
  still 
  closer 
  to 
  that 
  of 
  

   the 
  Gibbons 
  (Hylobates). 
  

  

  A 
  figure 
  of 
  the 
  present 
  specimen 
  and 
  the 
  skull 
  of 
  a 
  Gibbon 
  

   for 
  comparison 
  are 
  shown 
  in 
  figure 
  1, 
  Plate 
  II. 
  These 
  figures 
  

   and 
  those 
  that 
  follow 
  are 
  reproduced 
  directly, 
  but 
  not 
  all 
  suc- 
  

   cessfully, 
  from 
  illustrations 
  in 
  Dr. 
  Dubois's 
  memoir. 
  

  

  Figure 
  2. 
  — 
  Longitudinal 
  outlines 
  of 
  crania. 
  

  

  H. 
  European 
  man 
  ; 
  P. 
  Pithecanthropus 
  ; 
  Ha. 
  Hylobates 
  agilis 
  ; 
  

   A. 
  Chimpanzee; 
  Hs. 
  Hylobates 
  syndactylies. 
  (After 
  Dubois.) 
  

  

  The 
  tooth, 
  the 
  first 
  specimen 
  found, 
  is 
  the 
  last 
  upper 
  molar 
  

   of 
  the 
  right 
  side, 
  and 
  is 
  in 
  good 
  preservation. 
  It 
  indicates 
  a 
  

   fully 
  adult, 
  but 
  not 
  very 
  old, 
  animal. 
  The 
  crown 
  is 
  subtrian- 
  

   gular 
  in 
  form, 
  with 
  the 
  corners 
  rounded, 
  and 
  the 
  narrowest 
  

   portion 
  behind. 
  The 
  antero-posterior 
  diameter 
  of 
  the 
  crown 
  

   is 
  ll"3 
  mm 
  , 
  and 
  the 
  transverse 
  diameter 
  15'3 
  mm 
  . 
  The 
  grinding 
  

   surface 
  of 
  the 
  crown 
  is 
  concave, 
  and 
  much 
  less 
  rugose 
  than 
  in 
  

   existing 
  anthropoid 
  apes. 
  

  

  The 
  femur, 
  which 
  is 
  from 
  the 
  left 
  side, 
  is 
  in 
  fair 
  preserva- 
  

   tion, 
  although 
  it 
  was 
  somewhat 
  injured 
  in 
  removing 
  it 
  from 
  

   the 
  surrounding 
  rock. 
  It 
  belonged 
  to 
  a 
  fully 
  adult 
  individual. 
  

   In 
  form 
  and 
  dimensions, 
  it 
  resembles 
  so 
  strongly 
  a 
  human 
  

   femur 
  that 
  only 
  a 
  careful 
  comparison 
  would 
  distinguish 
  one 
  

   from 
  the 
  other. 
  The 
  bone 
  is 
  very 
  long, 
  its 
  greatest 
  length 
  

   being 
  455 
  mm 
  . 
  The 
  shaft 
  is 
  slender 
  and 
  nearly 
  straight. 
  The 
  

   general 
  form 
  and 
  proportions 
  of 
  this 
  femur 
  are 
  shown 
  in 
  

   figure 
  3, 
  Plate 
  II, 
  with 
  a 
  human 
  femur 
  for 
  comparison. 
  

  

  