﻿156 
  Scientific 
  Intelligence. 
  

  

  their 
  material 
  in 
  front, 
  and 
  so 
  sometimes 
  build 
  up 
  their 
  own 
  path- 
  

   way 
  before 
  them 
  ; 
  thus, 
  it 
  is 
  easy 
  to 
  understand 
  how 
  they 
  may 
  

   advance 
  over 
  sandy 
  soils 
  without 
  abrading 
  or 
  disrupting 
  them. 
  

   All 
  along 
  the 
  coast, 
  from 
  Southern 
  Greenland 
  to 
  Inglefield 
  Gulf, 
  

   there 
  are 
  stretches 
  of 
  mountains 
  that 
  are 
  very 
  angular 
  and 
  irreg- 
  

   ular, 
  and 
  show 
  no 
  evidences 
  of 
  ever 
  having 
  been 
  overridden 
  by 
  

   the 
  ice. 
  There 
  are 
  other 
  stretches 
  of 
  the 
  coast 
  that 
  seem 
  to 
  have 
  

   been 
  once 
  covered 
  by 
  the 
  ice, 
  as 
  their 
  contours 
  are 
  subdued. 
  It 
  

   would 
  appear, 
  therefore, 
  that 
  the 
  ice 
  once 
  pushed 
  out 
  to 
  the 
  coast 
  

   line 
  a 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  western 
  coast, 
  and 
  failed 
  to 
  do 
  so 
  along 
  the 
  

   other 
  portion. 
  The 
  general 
  conclusion 
  is 
  that 
  no 
  great 
  extension 
  

   of 
  the 
  Greenland 
  ice 
  has 
  formerly 
  taken 
  place, 
  and, 
  hence, 
  that 
  

   the 
  theory 
  that 
  the 
  glaciation 
  of 
  our 
  own 
  region 
  had 
  its 
  source 
  in 
  

   Greenland 
  is 
  without 
  support." 
  

  

  G. 
  F. 
  Weight, 
  presented 
  a 
  paper 
  on 
  Observations 
  on 
  the 
  Gla- 
  

   cial 
  Phenomena 
  of 
  Newfoundland, 
  Labrador 
  and 
  Southern 
  

   Greenland 
  which 
  is 
  given 
  in 
  lull 
  in 
  this 
  Journal. 
  H. 
  F. 
  Reid 
  dis- 
  

   cussed 
  Variations 
  in 
  velocity 
  of 
  glaciers 
  incident 
  to 
  varying 
  

   amount 
  of 
  snow, 
  pointing 
  out 
  vividly 
  the 
  effect 
  of 
  decrease 
  in 
  

   snow-fall 
  in 
  the 
  withdrawal 
  of 
  the 
  ice 
  front 
  with 
  increasing 
  

   rapidity, 
  while 
  increase 
  of 
  snow 
  fall 
  would 
  result 
  in 
  advance 
  ot 
  

   the 
  glacier 
  beginning 
  only 
  after 
  considerable 
  accumulations 
  to 
  

   the 
  mass, 
  and 
  increasing 
  in 
  rate 
  of 
  advance 
  as 
  the 
  increased 
  snow 
  

   fall 
  continued. 
  C. 
  H. 
  Hitchcock 
  spoke 
  on 
  Highland 
  level 
  

   gravels 
  in 
  northern 
  New 
  England, 
  which 
  he 
  interpreted 
  as 
  evi- 
  

   dence 
  of 
  glacial 
  lake 
  beaches, 
  1000 
  and 
  more 
  feet 
  in 
  altitude 
  in 
  

   New 
  Hampshire. 
  Warren 
  Upham 
  read 
  papers 
  on 
  Discrimina- 
  

   tion 
  of 
  glacial 
  accumulations 
  and 
  invasion, 
  and 
  Climatic 
  condi- 
  

   tions 
  shown 
  by 
  North 
  American 
  interglacial 
  deposits. 
  Two 
  papers 
  

   based 
  upon 
  study 
  of 
  the 
  altitudes 
  of 
  old 
  beach 
  lines 
  and 
  morainal 
  

   drift 
  in 
  New 
  York 
  State 
  were 
  read 
  by 
  H. 
  L. 
  Fairchild, 
  of 
  which 
  

   the 
  following 
  abstracts 
  are 
  communicated 
  by 
  the 
  author. 
  

  

  Glacial 
  Lakes 
  in 
  western 
  New 
  York, 
  Lake 
  Newberry, 
  the 
  suc- 
  

   cessor 
  of 
  Lake 
  Warren, 
  by 
  H. 
  L. 
  Fairchild. 
  — 
  If 
  the 
  reader 
  will 
  

   place 
  before 
  himself 
  a 
  map 
  showing 
  the 
  hydrography 
  of 
  western 
  

   and 
  central 
  New 
  York, 
  he 
  will 
  observe 
  that 
  the 
  divide 
  between 
  

   the 
  St. 
  Lawrence 
  and 
  the 
  Ohio-Susquehanna 
  waters 
  passes 
  near 
  

   the 
  south 
  ends 
  of 
  the 
  so-called 
  "Finger 
  Lakes." 
  The 
  valleys 
  of 
  

   these 
  present 
  lakes 
  with 
  their 
  northward 
  drainage 
  end 
  abruptly 
  in 
  

   the 
  high 
  land 
  south, 
  the 
  old 
  valleys 
  in 
  that 
  direction 
  being 
  

   choked 
  with 
  moraine 
  drift. 
  The 
  same 
  is 
  true 
  of 
  several 
  other 
  

   valleys 
  between 
  the 
  Tonawanda 
  on 
  the 
  west 
  and 
  the 
  Onondaga 
  

   on 
  the 
  east, 
  in 
  which 
  no 
  water 
  is 
  now 
  ponded. 
  

  

  All 
  these 
  north-south 
  valleys 
  were, 
  during 
  the 
  retreat 
  of 
  the 
  ice 
  

   sheet, 
  the 
  site 
  of 
  extinct 
  lakes, 
  the 
  water 
  of 
  which 
  was 
  held 
  up 
  by 
  

   the 
  barrier 
  of 
  ice 
  on 
  the 
  north 
  to 
  the 
  height 
  of 
  the 
  col 
  south, 
  and 
  

   so 
  forced 
  into 
  southern 
  drainage. 
  Granting 
  the 
  capacity 
  of 
  gla- 
  

   cial 
  ice 
  to 
  serve 
  as 
  barrier 
  to 
  water, 
  only 
  a 
  glance 
  at 
  the 
  topog- 
  

   raphy 
  is 
  sufficient 
  to 
  show 
  the 
  the 
  necessity 
  of 
  such 
  lakes. 
  The 
  

   positive 
  evidence 
  is 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  abandoned 
  stream 
  channels 
  south 
  

  

  