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  Bayleigh 
  and 
  Ramsay 
  — 
  Argon, 
  a 
  New 
  

  

  In 
  one 
  experiment 
  of 
  this 
  kind, 
  the 
  total 
  air 
  led 
  in 
  after 
  

   seven 
  days' 
  working, 
  amounted 
  to 
  7925 
  cc 
  , 
  and 
  of 
  oxygen 
  (pre- 
  

   pared 
  from 
  chlorate 
  of 
  potash), 
  913T 
  CC 
  . 
  On 
  the 
  eighth 
  and 
  

   ninth 
  days 
  oxygen 
  alone 
  was 
  added, 
  of 
  which 
  about 
  500 
  cc 
  was 
  

   consumed, 
  while 
  there 
  remained 
  about 
  700 
  cc 
  in 
  the 
  flask. 
  

   Hence 
  the 
  proportion 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  air 
  and 
  oxygen 
  combined 
  

   was 
  as 
  79 
  : 
  96. 
  The 
  progress 
  of 
  the 
  removal 
  of 
  the 
  nitrogen 
  

   was 
  examined 
  from 
  time 
  to 
  time 
  with 
  the 
  spectroscope, 
  and 
  

   became 
  ultimately 
  very 
  slow. 
  At 
  last 
  the 
  yellow 
  line 
  disap- 
  

   peared, 
  the 
  contraction 
  having 
  apparently 
  stopped 
  for 
  two 
  

   hours. 
  It 
  is 
  worthy 
  of 
  notice 
  that 
  with 
  the 
  removal 
  of 
  the 
  

   nitrogen, 
  the 
  arc 
  discharge 
  changes 
  greatly 
  in 
  appearance, 
  

   becoming 
  narrower 
  and 
  blue 
  rather 
  than 
  greenish 
  in 
  color. 
  

  

  The 
  final 
  treatment 
  of 
  the 
  residual 
  700 
  cc 
  of 
  gas 
  was 
  on 
  the 
  

   model 
  of 
  the 
  small 
  scale 
  operations 
  already 
  described. 
  Oxygen 
  

   or 
  hydrogen 
  could 
  be 
  supplied 
  at 
  pleasure 
  from 
  an 
  electrolytic 
  

   apparatus, 
  but 
  in 
  no 
  way 
  could 
  the 
  volume 
  be 
  reduced 
  below 
  

   65 
  cc 
  . 
  This 
  residue 
  refused 
  oxidation, 
  and 
  showed 
  no 
  trace 
  of 
  

   the 
  yellow 
  line 
  of 
  nitrogen, 
  even 
  under 
  favorable 
  conditions. 
  

  

  When 
  the 
  gas 
  stood 
  for 
  some 
  days 
  over 
  water, 
  the 
  nitrogen 
  

   line 
  reasserted 
  itself 
  in 
  the 
  spectrum, 
  and 
  many 
  hours' 
  spark- 
  

   ing 
  with 
  a 
  little 
  oxygen 
  was 
  required 
  again 
  to 
  get 
  rid 
  of 
  it. 
  

   Intentional 
  additions 
  of 
  air 
  to 
  gas 
  free 
  from 
  nitrogen 
  showed 
  

   that 
  about 
  1^ 
  per 
  cent 
  was 
  clearly, 
  and 
  about 
  3 
  per 
  cent 
  was 
  

   conspicuously, 
  visible. 
  About 
  the 
  same 
  numbers 
  apply 
  to 
  the 
  

   visibility 
  of 
  nitrogen 
  in 
  oxygen 
  when 
  sparked 
  under 
  these 
  con- 
  

   ditions, 
  that 
  is, 
  at 
  atmospheric 
  pressure, 
  and 
  with 
  a 
  jar 
  con- 
  

   nected 
  to 
  the 
  secondary 
  terminals. 
  

  

  IX. 
  Density 
  of 
  Argon 
  prepared 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  Oxygen. 
  

  

  A 
  first 
  estimate 
  of 
  the 
  density 
  of 
  argon 
  prepared 
  by 
  the 
  

   oxygen 
  method 
  was 
  founded 
  upon 
  the 
  data 
  already 
  recorded 
  

   respecting 
  the 
  volume 
  present 
  in 
  air, 
  on 
  the 
  assumption 
  that 
  

   the 
  accurately 
  known 
  densities 
  of 
  atmospheric 
  and 
  of 
  chemical 
  

   nitrogen 
  differ 
  on 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  argon 
  in 
  the 
  

   former, 
  and 
  that 
  during 
  the 
  treatment 
  with 
  oxygen 
  nothing 
  is 
  

   oxidized 
  except 
  nitrogen. 
  Thus 
  if 
  

  

  D 
  = 
  density 
  of 
  chemical 
  nitrogen, 
  

   D' 
  = 
  " 
  atmospheric 
  nitrogen, 
  

   d 
  = 
  " 
  argon, 
  

  

  a 
  = 
  proportional 
  volume 
  of 
  argon 
  in 
  atmospheric 
  

   nitrogen, 
  

  

  the 
  law 
  of 
  mixtures 
  give 
  

  

  ad+(l 
  — 
  a)V 
  = 
  D', 
  

  

  or 
  d=T) 
  + 
  (D'-T>)/a. 
  

  

  