﻿James 
  Dwight 
  Dana. 
  343 
  

  

  out 
  of 
  its 
  element, 
  the 
  coral 
  often 
  appears 
  as 
  if 
  lifeless: 
  but 
  

   placing 
  it 
  in 
  a 
  basin 
  of 
  sea- 
  water, 
  the 
  polyps 
  after 
  a 
  while 
  

   expand, 
  and 
  cover 
  the 
  branches 
  like 
  flowers. 
  Four-fifths 
  of 
  

   the 
  observations 
  in 
  this 
  department 
  were 
  made 
  at 
  the 
  Feejee 
  

   Group 
  

  

  The 
  work 
  accomplished 
  on 
  the 
  expedition 
  is 
  the 
  more 
  remark- 
  

   able, 
  because 
  there 
  was 
  from 
  the 
  first 
  but 
  little 
  sympathy 
  

   between 
  the 
  prominent 
  naval 
  officers 
  and 
  the 
  active 
  members 
  

   of 
  the 
  scientific 
  corps. 
  This 
  lack 
  of 
  cooperation 
  resulted 
  in 
  

   the 
  throwing 
  of 
  many 
  obstacles 
  — 
  sometimes 
  petty 
  and 
  provok- 
  

   ing, 
  again 
  very 
  serious 
  — 
  in 
  the 
  way 
  of 
  the 
  young 
  and 
  ardent 
  

   observer, 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  only 
  fair 
  to 
  him 
  to 
  allude 
  to 
  this 
  subject 
  

   here, 
  though 
  it 
  was 
  one 
  of 
  which 
  he 
  was 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  fond 
  of 
  

   speaking. 
  There 
  is 
  a 
  painful 
  contrast 
  between 
  the 
  course 
  of 
  

   events 
  in 
  these 
  particulars 
  with 
  the 
  Wilkes 
  expedition 
  and 
  the 
  

   cordial 
  aid 
  given 
  to 
  science 
  in 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  later 
  ones. 
  

  

  Many 
  papers 
  upon 
  zoological 
  subjects 
  were 
  published 
  in 
  this 
  

   and 
  other 
  Journals, 
  especially 
  during 
  the 
  time 
  he 
  was 
  working 
  

   up 
  the 
  collections 
  of 
  the 
  Exploring 
  Expedition, 
  and 
  these 
  pre- 
  

   sent 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  results 
  and 
  conclusions 
  arrived 
  at. 
  The 
  prin- 
  

   ciple 
  of 
  Cephalization, 
  or 
  the 
  domination 
  of 
  the 
  brain 
  in 
  deter- 
  

   mining 
  the 
  development 
  of 
  an 
  animal 
  organism, 
  was 
  first 
  

   brought 
  out 
  in 
  1852.* 
  In 
  regard 
  to 
  this 
  subject, 
  particularly 
  

   in 
  its 
  relation 
  to 
  evolution, 
  he 
  says 
  in 
  the 
  Manual 
  of 
  Geology 
  

   (1895, 
  p. 
  439) 
  : 
  

  

  This 
  subject 
  has 
  much 
  interest 
  in 
  connection 
  with 
  the 
  suc- 
  

   cessional 
  lines 
  in 
  the 
  animal 
  life 
  of 
  the 
  globe 
  which 
  geology 
  

   has 
  brought 
  to 
  light. 
  But 
  the 
  preceding 
  remarks 
  are 
  not 
  to 
  be 
  

   understood 
  as 
  intimating 
  anything 
  with 
  regard 
  to 
  the 
  origin 
  of 
  

   species. 
  There 
  was 
  no 
  such 
  reference 
  in 
  the 
  author's 
  first 
  pre- 
  

   sentation 
  of 
  the 
  views 
  in 
  1852. 
  At 
  that 
  time 
  the 
  idea 
  of 
  evo- 
  

   lution 
  by 
  natural 
  causes 
  had 
  scarcely 
  an 
  advocate 
  ; 
  for 
  Darwin's 
  

   work 
  did 
  not 
  appear 
  until 
  1859. 
  Neither 
  are 
  the 
  facts 
  now 
  to 
  

   be 
  regarded 
  as 
  adding 
  to 
  the 
  causes 
  of 
  derivation. 
  This 
  much, 
  

   however, 
  may 
  be 
  learned 
  from 
  them 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  1. 
  Whatever 
  the 
  natural 
  causes 
  or 
  methods 
  concerned 
  in 
  

   evolution, 
  organic 
  conditions 
  have* 
  determined 
  lines, 
  limits, 
  and 
  

   parallel 
  relations, 
  in 
  accordance 
  with 
  the 
  principle 
  of 
  cephali- 
  

   zation. 
  

  

  * 
  In 
  the 
  Report 
  on 
  Crustacea; 
  in 
  1863 
  the 
  subject 
  was 
  discussed 
  in 
  this 
  Jour- 
  

   nal. 
  

  

  