﻿38 
  BOSE 
  : 
  GEOLOGY 
  OF 
  THE 
  LOWER 
  NARBADA 
  VALLEY. 
  

  

  ECHINODEEMATA. 
  

  

  e. 
  ar. 
  18. 
  Hemiaster 
  similis, 
  d'Orb. 
  (T. 
  Cret., 
  p. 
  229 
  : 
  

  

  pi. 
  814). 
  . 
  

   N", 
  B 
  — 
  The 
  following 
  signs 
  and 
  abbreviations 
  used 
  before 
  a 
  name 
  imply 
  : 
  — 
  

   e 
  = 
  Also 
  occur 
  outside 
  Asia 
  and 
  Africa, 
  

   a 
  = 
  Also 
  occur 
  in 
  Africa, 
  

   ar 
  = 
  Also 
  occur 
  in 
  Arabia. 
  

   C. 
  M., 
  U. 
  G. 
  S., 
  G., 
  &c, 
  imply 
  Chalk 
  Marl, 
  Upper 
  Green 
  Sand, 
  Gault, 
  &c. 
  

  

  # 
  — 
  Also 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  Utatur 
  group 
  of 
  the 
  S. 
  I. 
  Cret. 
  Series. 
  

  

  * 
  * 
  = 
  Characteristic 
  of 
  do. 
  do. 
  do. 
  do. 
  do. 
  

   f 
  = 
  Also 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  Trichinopoly 
  do. 
  do. 
  do. 
  

   t 
  f 
  = 
  Charactei'istic 
  of 
  do. 
  do. 
  do. 
  do. 
  

   % 
  = 
  Also 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  Arialur 
  do. 
  do. 
  do. 
  

   X 
  % 
  = 
  Characteristic 
  of 
  do. 
  do. 
  do. 
  do. 
  

  

  § 
  = 
  Characteristic 
  of 
  the 
  Central 
  Indian 
  cretaceous 
  group 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  fossil 
  

   in 
  question 
  occurs. 
  

  

  One 
  of 
  the 
  most 
  remarkable 
  features 
  of 
  this 
  fauna 
  is 
  the 
  predomi- 
  

   nance 
  of 
  extra-Indian, 
  and 
  especially 
  European, 
  forms 
  — 
  ten 
  out 
  of 
  twelve 
  

   approximately 
  ascertained 
  species 
  having 
  been 
  met 
  with 
  outside 
  India, 
  

   and 
  of 
  that 
  number 
  as 
  many 
  as 
  eight 
  in 
  Europe. 
  The 
  presence 
  of 
  only 
  

   one 
  " 
  apparently 
  rare 
  Utatur 
  shell 
  " 
  — 
  as 
  Stoliczka 
  remarks 
  l 
  about 
  Proto- 
  

   carclium 
  altum 
  — 
  and 
  that, 
  too, 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  of 
  common 
  occurrence 
  in 
  the 
  

   group 
  under 
  notice, 
  is 
  a 
  fact 
  quite 
  as 
  significant, 
  and 
  would 
  appear 
  

   anomalous, 
  if 
  we 
  place 
  this 
  group, 
  as 
  we 
  shall 
  in 
  the 
  sequel, 
  on 
  a 
  horizon 
  

   not 
  far 
  removed 
  from 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  South 
  Indian 
  Utaturs. 
  The 
  occurrence 
  

   of 
  several 
  Trichinopoly 
  forms 
  would 
  be 
  another 
  apparent 
  anomaly. 
  All 
  

   these 
  anomalies, 
  however, 
  may 
  be 
  explained 
  on 
  the 
  hypothesis 
  of 
  a 
  land 
  

   barrier, 
  separating 
  at 
  the 
  commencement 
  of 
  the 
  cretaceous 
  period 
  the 
  

   South 
  Indian, 
  and 
  probably 
  also 
  the 
  Assam, 
  Arakan, 
  and 
  South 
  African 
  

   basins, 
  on 
  the 
  one 
  hand, 
  from 
  the 
  European, 
  Arabian, 
  and 
  Central 
  Indian 
  

   basins, 
  on 
  the 
  other. 
  The 
  gradual 
  depression 
  of 
  this 
  last-named 
  area 
  

   during 
  the 
  nodular-limestone 
  (i. 
  e., 
  early 
  upper 
  cretaceous) 
  period 
  — 
  of 
  

   which 
  depression 
  there 
  is 
  clear 
  evidence, 
  in 
  that 
  the 
  fossils 
  from 
  this 
  

   limestone 
  are 
  marine, 
  whereas 
  those 
  from 
  the 
  underlying 
  sandstone 
  are 
  

   estuarine 
  — 
  would 
  submerge 
  the 
  supposed 
  barrier, 
  and 
  thus 
  allow 
  inter- 
  

   communication 
  between 
  the 
  two 
  sets 
  of 
  basins 
  just 
  mentioned. 
  Some 
  

  

  1 
  Pal. 
  Ind. 
  : 
  Cret. 
  Pelec, 
  p. 
  222. 
  

  

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  38 
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