﻿UPPER 
  CRETACEOUS 
  SERIES 
  (AQUEOUS) 
  . 
  39 
  

  

  of 
  the 
  Central 
  Indian 
  nodular-limestone 
  animals 
  would 
  then 
  (about 
  the 
  

   middle 
  of 
  the 
  cretaceous 
  period) 
  migrate 
  southward 
  and 
  flourish 
  in 
  the 
  

   South 
  Indian 
  seas 
  during 
  the 
  deposition 
  of 
  the 
  Trichinopoly 
  beds 
  ; 
  simi- 
  

   larly, 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  South 
  Indian 
  Utatur 
  forms 
  would 
  also 
  about 
  the 
  same 
  

   period 
  migrate 
  northward, 
  and 
  would 
  be 
  met 
  with 
  in 
  the 
  northern 
  basin 
  

   fossilised 
  in 
  beds 
  stratigraphically 
  higher 
  than 
  the 
  Utaturs. 
  That 
  this 
  

   is 
  more 
  than 
  bare 
  supposition 
  is 
  proved 
  by 
  the 
  remarkable 
  and 
  hitherto 
  

   unexplained 
  fact, 
  that 
  the 
  forms 
  which 
  are 
  common 
  to 
  the 
  Utatur 
  and 
  the 
  

   European 
  cretaceous 
  basins 
  have 
  an 
  unmistakeably 
  middle 
  cretaceous 
  

   fades. 
  1 
  

  

  £g 
  e 
  — 
  Bearing 
  in 
  mind 
  the 
  explanation 
  just 
  suggested, 
  and 
  consider- 
  

   ing 
  that 
  the 
  majority 
  of 
  the 
  characteristic 
  forms 
  occur 
  on 
  the 
  horizon 
  of 
  

   the 
  fitage 
  Albien 
  (Grault), 
  there 
  need 
  be 
  little 
  hesitation 
  in 
  considering 
  

   the 
  nodular-limestone 
  homotaxial 
  with 
  it, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  with 
  the 
  lowest 
  

   group 
  of 
  the 
  South 
  Indian 
  cretaceous 
  series 
  (the 
  Utaturs), 
  

  

  Section 
  2. 
  — 
  Deola 
  and 
  ChirdJchdn 
  Marl, 
  

  

  Area, 
  lithology. 
  — 
  Interposed 
  between 
  the 
  group 
  just 
  noticed 
  and 
  the 
  

  

  coralline 
  limestone, 
  to 
  be 
  described 
  next, 
  there 
  is 
  generally 
  a 
  band 
  

  

  of 
  argillaceous, 
  almost 
  flaggy, 
  limestone, 
  to 
  which, 
  as 
  it 
  is 
  best 
  developed 
  

  

  in 
  the 
  neighbourhood 
  of 
  Deola 
  and 
  Chirakhan, 
  the 
  name 
  heading 
  the 
  

  

  present 
  section 
  has 
  been 
  applied. 
  Owing 
  partly 
  to 
  its 
  extremely 
  small 
  

  

  thickness, 
  which 
  nowhere 
  exceeds 
  10 
  feet, 
  and 
  partly 
  to 
  its 
  want 
  of 
  

  

  compactness 
  and 
  consistency, 
  it 
  has 
  not 
  been 
  able 
  to 
  withstand 
  the 
  effects 
  

  

  of 
  denudation, 
  when 
  unprotected 
  by 
  the 
  hard 
  and 
  crystalline 
  coralline 
  

  

  limestone 
  ; 
  and, 
  consequently, 
  it 
  hardly 
  ever 
  crops 
  out 
  at 
  the 
  surface 
  ; 
  and 
  

  

  when 
  it 
  does, 
  the 
  outcrop 
  is 
  too 
  insignificant 
  to 
  be 
  mapped. 
  

  

  Fossils. 
  — 
  When 
  intersected 
  by 
  a 
  stream 
  or 
  water-course, 
  as 
  at 
  

  

  Oudiapura 
  (between 
  Deola 
  and 
  Chirakhan), 
  Bowarla, 
  Kherwan, 
  and 
  

  

  Phata 
  by 
  the 
  Hatni 
  (south-west 
  of 
  Bag), 
  the 
  marl 
  yields 
  a 
  large 
  number 
  

  

  of 
  easily 
  available 
  fossils 
  ; 
  and 
  all 
  those 
  collected 
  by 
  Colonel 
  KeatiDge 
  

  

  were 
  got 
  from 
  it 
  at 
  Oudiapura 
  and 
  Chirakhan. 
  

  

  1 
  " 
  The 
  general 
  facies 
  of 
  the 
  Cephalopc-dous 
  fauna 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  lowest 
  group, 
  that 
  of 
  

   Utatur, 
  approximates 
  to 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  European 
  Gault, 
  hut 
  nearly 
  all 
  the 
  species 
  of 
  the 
  other 
  

   classes 
  of 
  Mollusca 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  beds 
  belong 
  to 
  a 
  higher 
  horizon, 
  cenomanien 
  (upper 
  

   green-sand) 
  or 
  even 
  higher." 
  (Blanford, 
  " 
  Manual," 
  p, 
  291.) 
  [The 
  Italics 
  are 
  mine.] 
  

  

  ( 
  39 
  ) 
  

  

  