﻿FEDDEN 
  : 
  GEOLOGY 
  OF 
  KATHIAWAR 
  PENINSULA 
  IN 
  GUZERAT. 
  

  

  CHAPTER 
  II. 
  

  

  GEOLOGY. 
  

  

  Geological 
  formations. 
  — 
  The 
  following 
  table 
  comprises 
  all 
  the 
  forma- 
  

   tions 
  occurring 
  within 
  the 
  province. 
  Several 
  of 
  them 
  are 
  but 
  poorly 
  

   represented, 
  both 
  in 
  thickness 
  and 
  extent. 
  The 
  trappean 
  series 
  assumes 
  

   by 
  far 
  the 
  most 
  prominent 
  position, 
  as 
  it 
  occupies 
  fully 
  two-thirds 
  of 
  

   the 
  total 
  area 
  of 
  the 
  Kathiawar 
  peninsula, 
  and 
  its 
  maximum 
  thickness 
  

   can 
  scarcely 
  be 
  less 
  than 
  3,500 
  feet. 
  The 
  tertiary 
  rocks 
  form 
  a 
  fringe 
  to 
  

   the 
  trap 
  along 
  the 
  southern 
  limit 
  of 
  its 
  area, 
  but 
  they 
  are 
  greatly 
  ob- 
  

   scured 
  by 
  the 
  later 
  sub-recent 
  deposits 
  and 
  alluviums. 
  

  

  Table 
  of 
  geological 
  formations 
  occurring 
  in 
  Kathiawar, 
  in 
  descend- 
  

   ing 
  order 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  Formations. 
  

  

  Approximate 
  geological 
  position. 
  

  

  Alluvium. 
  

  

  Recent 
  and 
  Sub-recent. 
  

  

  (Sand 
  dunes, 
  tidal 
  flats, 
  freshwater 
  allu- 
  

   vium, 
  * 
  ran 
  ' 
  clays, 
  raised 
  beaches 
  and 
  

   miliolite.) 
  

  

  

  Dwdrlca 
  beds. 
  

  

  ? 
  Higher 
  Tertiary, 
  or 
  Post-pliocene. 
  

  

  Gdj 
  beds. 
  

  

  Upper 
  Miocene. 
  — 
  (Lower 
  Mancbar 
  in 
  part, 
  and 
  Gaj 
  

  

  of 
  Sind.) 
  m 
  

  

  Lateritic 
  rocks. 
  

  

  PLower 
  Eocene. 
  — 
  (Sub-nummulitic 
  {Wynne) 
  of 
  Cutch, 
  

   and 
  ? 
  High-level 
  laterite 
  of 
  the 
  Deccan.) 
  

  

  Traps. 
  

  

  Cretaceo-eocene. 
  — 
  (Deccan 
  traps.) 
  

  

  Trappean 
  grits. 
  

  

  ? 
  Cretaceous. 
  — 
  (Infra-Trappean 
  grits 
  (Wynne) 
  of 
  

   Cutch.) 
  

  

  Wadhwdn 
  sandstones. 
  

  

  ? 
  Cretaceous. 
  — 
  (Infra-Trappeans 
  of 
  India.) 
  

  

  Umia 
  beds. 
  

  

  Jurassic. 
  — 
  (Upper 
  Gondwana.) 
  

  

  Umia 
  beds. 
  — 
  The 
  only 
  representative 
  in 
  Kathiawar 
  of 
  the 
  great 
  Jurassic 
  

  

  system 
  is 
  a 
  group 
  of 
  sandstones 
  exposed 
  in 
  the 
  northern 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  province, 
  and 
  occupying 
  an 
  area 
  of 
  about 
  one 
  thousand 
  square 
  miles. 
  

  

  These 
  sandstones 
  have 
  been 
  determined, 
  by 
  their 
  mineral 
  character 
  and 
  

  

  ( 
  78 
  ) 
  

  

  