﻿8 
  FEDDEN 
  : 
  GKOLOGY 
  OF 
  KATH1AWAR 
  PENINSULA 
  IN 
  GUZfiHAT. 
  

  

  quarried 
  for 
  ' 
  quernstones/ 
  or 
  handmills, 
  for 
  grinding 
  corn. 
  This 
  harsh 
  

   sandstone, 
  with 
  conglomerate, 
  I 
  consider 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  uppermost 
  exposed 
  

   members 
  of 
  the 
  group. 
  

  

  The 
  rock 
  below 
  it 
  — 
  forming 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  hills, 
  and 
  occupying 
  the 
  

   Softer 
  sandstones 
  of 
  open 
  country 
  and 
  wide-spreading 
  plains— 
  consists 
  

   the 
  plains. 
  £ 
  ve 
  u 
  ow 
  ^ 
  an( 
  j 
  pale-coloured, 
  soft 
  sandstones, 
  vari- 
  

  

  able 
  in 
  texture, 
  often 
  speckled 
  with 
  kaolin, 
  or 
  decomposed 
  felspar, 
  and 
  

   sometimes 
  warted 
  with 
  calcareous 
  concretions. 
  The 
  coarser 
  parts 
  fre- 
  

   quently 
  change 
  to 
  grit, 
  and 
  conglomeratic 
  bands 
  of 
  cemented 
  pebbles 
  

   are 
  met 
  with. 
  The 
  bedding 
  of 
  this 
  rock 
  is 
  ill-defined, 
  but 
  cross 
  lamina- 
  

   tion 
  is 
  very 
  prevalent 
  and 
  strongly 
  marked," 
  especially 
  among 
  the 
  finer 
  

   deposits. 
  Wherever 
  large 
  surfaces 
  of 
  this 
  sandstone 
  are 
  exposed 
  and 
  

   sufficiently 
  clear, 
  excellent 
  examples 
  of 
  a 
  kind 
  of 
  ' 
  ripple 
  mark/ 
  or 
  current 
  

   wave, 
  may 
  be 
  often 
  seen, 
  showing 
  that 
  the 
  material 
  of 
  the 
  rock 
  was 
  

   pushed 
  along, 
  when 
  deposited 
  by 
  swiftly 
  flowing 
  shallow 
  water. 
  The 
  

   oblique 
  lamination 
  presents 
  large 
  semicircular, 
  concentric 
  wavelets. 
  

   A 
  good 
  illustration 
  of 
  this 
  occurs 
  in 
  the 
  broad 
  flood 
  -way 
  of 
  the 
  stream 
  

   course 
  on 
  the 
  west 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  town 
  of 
  Than. 
  Here 
  two 
  distinct 
  sets 
  

   of 
  wavelets 
  can 
  be 
  traced, 
  the 
  one 
  almost 
  at 
  right 
  angles 
  to 
  the 
  other. 
  

  

  The 
  light-coloured 
  soft 
  sandstone 
  is 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  most 
  prevalent 
  rocks 
  

   in 
  the 
  field, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  rarely 
  sufficiently 
  coherent 
  to 
  bear 
  trimming 
  to 
  

   the 
  size 
  of 
  a 
  cabinet 
  specimen, 
  — 
  a 
  blow 
  from 
  the 
  hammer 
  shattering 
  

   it 
  to 
  sand. 
  The 
  surface 
  only 
  becomes 
  somewhat 
  more 
  compacted 
  by 
  

   percolation 
  of 
  lime, 
  after 
  long 
  exposure 
  to 
  meteoric 
  influences. 
  This 
  

   member 
  of 
  the 
  group 
  attains 
  a 
  considerable 
  thickness, 
  which 
  cannot 
  

   be 
  far 
  short 
  of 
  500 
  feet 
  in 
  the 
  hills 
  situated 
  between 
  Chotila 
  and 
  Than. 
  

  

  About 
  the 
  middle 
  of 
  tlie 
  soft 
  sandstone 
  beds, 
  or 
  somewhat 
  lower, 
  

  

  is 
  an 
  ironstone 
  band, 
  varying 
  in 
  different 
  parts 
  of 
  

   Ironstone 
  band. 
  

  

  the 
  field 
  from 
  a 
  red 
  clay-shale 
  with 
  layers 
  of 
  earthy 
  

  

  red 
  haematite, 
  or 
  bole, 
  to 
  a 
  brick-red 
  highly 
  ferruginous 
  sandstone. 
  

  

  Near 
  Wankaner, 
  and 
  again 
  at 
  Mate], 
  9 
  miles 
  to 
  the 
  northward, 
  

  

  the 
  band 
  is 
  strongly 
  developed 
  in 
  red 
  earthy 
  and 
  arenaceous 
  beds. 
  At 
  

  

  Deosar, 
  6 
  miles 
  north-by-east 
  of 
  Chotila, 
  it 
  is 
  a 
  purple-red 
  shaly 
  band 
  

  

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