﻿12 
  FEDDEN 
  : 
  GEOLOGY 
  OF 
  KATHIAWAli 
  PENINSULA 
  IN 
  GUZERAT. 
  

  

  loosely 
  held 
  together 
  by 
  a 
  scant 
  calcareous 
  paste. 
  The 
  bed 
  

   shows 
  strong 
  oblique 
  lamination. 
  

   The 
  general 
  lie 
  of 
  these 
  beds 
  is 
  horizontal 
  or 
  nearly 
  so 
  : 
  near 
  the 
  

   Mandarki 
  talao 
  they 
  are 
  locally 
  tilted 
  10°— 
  15° 
  to 
  south- 
  south-east. 
  

  

  The 
  white 
  sandstone 
  is 
  again 
  seen 
  at 
  an 
  outlying 
  knoll 
  in 
  the 
  alluvial 
  

   plain 
  between 
  the 
  two 
  villages 
  of 
  Ghantila. 
  It 
  is 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  kaolinic, 
  

   with 
  occasional 
  lumps 
  of 
  white 
  clay 
  enclosed 
  ; 
  the 
  quartz 
  is 
  partly 
  sub- 
  

   angular 
  and 
  dull 
  cloudy 
  white 
  in 
  colour, 
  or 
  dark 
  blue 
  in 
  the 
  coarser 
  

  

  parts. 
  

  

  The 
  hillock 
  is 
  masked 
  with 
  gravel 
  mostly 
  of 
  flints 
  and 
  agates 
  derived 
  

   from 
  the 
  traps, 
  the 
  larger 
  pebbles 
  of 
  which 
  have 
  accumulated 
  on 
  the 
  north- 
  

   ern 
  side. 
  

  

  Wadhwan 
  Sandstones. 
  — 
  In 
  the 
  neighbourhood 
  of 
  Wadhwan 
  Camp, 
  

   and 
  at 
  other 
  places 
  along 
  the 
  edge 
  of 
  the 
  traps, 
  a 
  set 
  of 
  sandstones 
  is 
  

   found 
  overlying 
  the 
  Umia 
  beds, 
  but 
  not 
  decidedly 
  separable 
  from 
  them. 
  

  

  The 
  traps 
  are 
  very 
  thin 
  in 
  the 
  north-eastern 
  division 
  of 
  the 
  province, 
  

   and 
  their 
  basal 
  flows 
  are 
  seen 
  to 
  be 
  strangely 
  associated 
  and 
  tangled 
  

   with 
  the 
  sedimentary 
  beds 
  below 
  them. 
  There 
  are 
  irregular 
  accumula- 
  

   tions 
  of 
  sandstone 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  impure, 
  frequently 
  unsorted 
  in 
  texture, 
  

   and 
  for 
  the 
  most 
  part 
  indifferently 
  cemented, 
  though 
  sometimes 
  indu- 
  

   rated 
  by 
  local 
  crush 
  to 
  hard 
  rock 
  resembling 
  quartzite. 
  Lumps 
  of 
  

   decomposed 
  trap 
  are 
  occasionally 
  seen 
  imbedded 
  in 
  the 
  sandstone. 
  

  

  The 
  most 
  prominent 
  member 
  of 
  this 
  group 
  is 
  a 
  brick-red 
  or 
  dull 
  red- 
  

   dish-brown 
  sandstone, 
  very 
  prevalent 
  in 
  the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  the 
  Wadhwan 
  

   Red 
  sandstone 
  with 
  civil 
  station. 
  This 
  sandstone 
  is 
  fairly 
  exposed 
  in 
  

  

  cherty 
  bands. 
  ^ 
  riyer 
  bank 
  ftt 
  ftnd 
  aboye 
  ^ 
  station# 
  Here 
  ft 
  

  

  displays 
  local 
  aggregations 
  of 
  small 
  quartz 
  pebbles, 
  and 
  also 
  ferruginous 
  

   nodules 
  or 
  galls 
  ; 
  the 
  bedding, 
  which 
  is 
  very 
  indistinct, 
  does 
  not 
  indicate 
  

   any 
  displacement 
  from 
  its 
  original 
  horizontality. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  upper 
  part 
  of 
  this 
  exposure, 
  there 
  are 
  cherty 
  and 
  chalcedonic 
  

  

  segregations, 
  some 
  of 
  large 
  size, 
  which 
  appear 
  to 
  consist 
  of 
  matted 
  accu- 
  

  

  Marine 
  organic 
  re- 
  mulations 
  of 
  organisms 
  now 
  much 
  obscured 
  by 
  the 
  

  

  silicious 
  infiltration. 
  Small 
  spiral 
  shells 
  can 
  be 
  seen 
  

  

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