﻿TRAP. 
  

  

  21 
  

  

  without 
  any 
  intervention 
  of 
  mingled 
  miscellaneous 
  deposits. 
  The 
  sand- 
  

   stone 
  is 
  here 
  indurated 
  by 
  infiltration 
  of 
  silica. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  lower 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  Chotila 
  Hill, 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  thick 
  bed 
  of 
  vol- 
  

  

  VolcanicashinChotila 
  canic 
  ash 
  > 
  made 
  U 
  P 
  ° 
  £ 
  fragments, 
  from 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  

   nil1 
  - 
  gravel, 
  or 
  grit, 
  to 
  occasional 
  large 
  lumps 
  of 
  a 
  dense 
  

  

  trap 
  : 
  the 
  layers 
  of 
  this 
  accumulation 
  slope 
  at 
  angles 
  of 
  30 
  to 
  35 
  degrees. 
  

   The 
  matrix 
  is 
  mostly 
  decomposed, 
  and 
  the 
  rock 
  disintegrating. 
  The 
  

   upper 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  hill 
  is 
  of 
  fine-grained 
  compact 
  basalt. 
  To 
  the 
  south 
  of 
  

   the 
  hill 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  trap 
  is 
  seen 
  to 
  be 
  a 
  very 
  heterogeneous 
  accumu- 
  

   lation 
  resting 
  on 
  sandstone. 
  

  

  The 
  trap 
  rocks 
  attain 
  their 
  greatest 
  development 
  in 
  the 
  southern 
  

   di7ision 
  of 
  the 
  province, 
  where 
  there 
  are 
  several 
  groups 
  of 
  hills 
  of 
  con- 
  

   siderable 
  height. 
  Many 
  of 
  these 
  are 
  mainly 
  composed 
  of 
  various 
  kinds 
  

   of 
  felsite 
  and 
  diorite, 
  with 
  some 
  trachyte 
  and 
  occasionally 
  pitchstone. 
  

   These 
  rocks 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  among 
  the 
  later 
  eruptions 
  of 
  the 
  trappean 
  period. 
  

  

  The 
  Girnar, 
  or 
  Junagarh, 
  group 
  is 
  the 
  most 
  important 
  and 
  interest- 
  

   ing, 
  from 
  its 
  singular 
  and 
  imposing 
  form 
  and 
  proportions. 
  1 
  The 
  topo- 
  

   graphical 
  features 
  of 
  this 
  group 
  have 
  often 
  been 
  described, 
  — 
  the 
  great 
  

   central 
  mass 
  called 
  the 
  Girnar, 
  over 
  3,500 
  feet 
  in 
  height; 
  and 
  the 
  outer 
  

   annular 
  ridges, 
  steeply 
  scarped 
  on 
  the 
  inner 
  side, 
  but 
  sloping 
  away 
  at 
  

   varying 
  inclinations 
  outwardly. 
  

  

  The 
  Girnar 
  mountain 
  is 
  a 
  majestic 
  pile 
  of 
  diorite 
  rock, 
  with 
  terrific 
  

   The 
  Girnar 
  a 
  focus 
  of 
  scar 
  P 
  ? 
  and 
  precipices, 
  propped 
  by 
  diverging 
  but- 
  

   eruption. 
  tresses, 
  which, 
  inosculating 
  with 
  the 
  surrounding 
  

  

  ridges, 
  give 
  rise 
  to 
  fouB 
  distinct 
  areas 
  of 
  drainage, 
  each 
  discharging 
  

   through 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  four 
  gorges 
  in 
  the 
  outer 
  ranges. 
  This 
  central 
  pile, 
  

   which 
  is 
  far 
  loftier 
  than 
  the 
  surrounding 
  ridges 
  (save 
  that 
  to 
  the 
  south, 
  

   whose 
  highest 
  point 
  nearly 
  rivals 
  it), 
  assumes 
  somewhat 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  a 
  

   huge 
  cupola, 
  laterally 
  compressed, 
  and 
  is 
  crowned 
  by 
  several 
  sharply 
  de- 
  

   fined 
  peaks 
  of 
  an 
  extremely 
  precipitous 
  and 
  picturesque 
  character 
  ; 
  2 
  the 
  

   loftiest 
  attains 
  a 
  height 
  of 
  3,666 
  feet 
  above 
  sea-level. 
  3 
  

  

  1 
  See 
  frontispiece. 
  

  

  2 
  The 
  crest 
  of 
  the 
  mountain 
  and 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  peaks 
  are 
  adorned 
  with 
  many 
  Buddhistic 
  

   and 
  Jain 
  temples 
  of 
  richly 
  carved 
  stone. 
  

  

  8 
  This 
  paragraph 
  is 
  mainly 
  derived 
  from 
  Mr. 
  Theobald's 
  MS. 
  description, 
  written 
  in 
  1858. 
  

  

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  93 
  ) 
  

  

  