﻿INTER-TRAPPEAN 
  BEDS. 
  £7 
  

  

  A 
  group 
  of 
  seven 
  or 
  eight 
  small 
  isolated 
  rocky 
  hills, 
  about 
  1 
  6 
  miles 
  

   Charnardi 
  and 
  Chogat 
  west-north-west 
  of 
  Bhavnagar, 
  rises 
  abruptly 
  from 
  

   bllls# 
  the 
  alluvium, 
  presenting 
  the 
  appearance 
  of 
  moun- 
  

  

  tain 
  tops 
  that 
  have 
  escaped 
  submergence. 
  The 
  largest 
  and 
  highest 
  of 
  the 
  

   group 
  is 
  nearly 
  a 
  mile 
  long 
  and 
  reaches 
  an 
  elevation 
  of 
  340 
  feet 
  above 
  the 
  

   plain, 
  which 
  is 
  scarcely 
  20 
  feet 
  above 
  sea-level. 
  These 
  hills, 
  which 
  may 
  

   be 
  called 
  the 
  ' 
  Charnardi 
  group/ 
  are 
  composed 
  mainly 
  of 
  similar 
  rock 
  to 
  

   that 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  Bardas 
  and 
  in 
  a 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  Girnar 
  ; 
  and 
  they 
  would 
  

   seem 
  to 
  indicate 
  another 
  centre 
  of 
  eruption. 
  Those 
  nearest 
  the 
  village 
  

   of 
  Charnardi 
  consist 
  of 
  quartz-felsite 
  rich 
  in 
  felspar, 
  and 
  approaching 
  

   syenite. 
  Though 
  a 
  solid-looking 
  rock 
  in 
  a 
  hand 
  specimen, 
  it 
  weathers 
  

   unevenly, 
  and 
  is 
  not 
  valued 
  as 
  a 
  building 
  stone. 
  That 
  in 
  the 
  hill 
  south 
  

   of 
  the 
  Charnardi 
  stream 
  is 
  a 
  greenish 
  grey 
  and 
  dark 
  crystalline 
  diorite 
  ; 
  

   a 
  similar 
  rock, 
  but 
  more 
  distinctly 
  crystalline, 
  giving 
  a 
  black 
  and 
  white 
  

   appearance, 
  forms 
  the 
  larger 
  of 
  the 
  Chogat 
  hills, 
  while 
  the 
  smaller 
  

   consists 
  of 
  a 
  compact 
  and 
  very 
  hard 
  felsite. 
  

  

  Inter-trappean 
  beds. 
  — 
  Sedimentary 
  deposits 
  interstratified 
  with 
  the 
  

   trap 
  flows 
  are 
  seldom 
  met 
  with 
  in 
  Kathiawar, 
  and 
  the 
  few 
  places 
  

   where 
  they 
  have 
  been 
  observed 
  are 
  situated 
  at 
  no 
  great 
  distance 
  within 
  

   the 
  northern 
  margin 
  of 
  the 
  trap 
  area; 
  and, 
  as 
  usual 
  in 
  other 
  parts 
  

   of 
  India, 
  the 
  inter- 
  trappean 
  horizon 
  is 
  not 
  far 
  from 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  

   formation. 
  

  

  A 
  cherty 
  porcellaneous 
  shale 
  crops 
  out 
  from 
  the 
  sides 
  of 
  the 
  hills 
  near 
  

  

  Porcellaneous 
  shale 
  the 
  roa 
  d, 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  miles 
  west 
  from 
  Chotila, 
  

  

  west 
  of 
  Chotila. 
  an( 
  j 
  ^ 
  geen 
  a 
  g 
  a 
  | 
  n 
  to 
  the 
  south, 
  in 
  the 
  broken 
  

  

  ground 
  round 
  about 
  the 
  villages 
  of 
  Kherdi 
  and 
  Kalasar. 
  The 
  bed 
  is 
  

   more 
  conspicuous 
  near 
  Bamanbor 
  and 
  Nawagam, 
  about 
  ten 
  miles 
  from 
  

   Chotila, 
  on 
  the 
  road 
  to 
  Bajkot. 
  At 
  this 
  latter 
  locality 
  some 
  organic 
  

   remains, 
  mostly 
  imperfect 
  skeletons 
  of 
  very 
  small 
  fish, 
  were 
  detected, 
  but 
  

   they 
  are 
  not 
  abundant. 
  The 
  shale 
  here 
  displays 
  evidence 
  of 
  severe 
  lateral 
  

   compression, 
  the 
  laminae 
  being 
  crumpled 
  into 
  small 
  folds 
  that 
  give 
  the 
  

   appearance 
  of 
  ripple 
  mark 
  to 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  each 
  stratum. 
  

  

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