﻿81 
  FEDDEN 
  : 
  GEOLOGY 
  OF 
  KATHIAWAR 
  PttNINSULA 
  IN 
  GUZERAT. 
  

  

  to 
  the 
  south 
  of 
  Bhavnagar, 
  where 
  it 
  occupies 
  a 
  continuous 
  though 
  

   narrow 
  belt, 
  about 
  20 
  miles 
  in 
  extent. 
  It 
  is 
  for 
  the 
  most 
  part 
  over- 
  

   lapped 
  by 
  tertiary 
  and 
  alluvial 
  deposits. 
  In 
  the 
  western 
  division 
  of 
  

   the 
  province, 
  however, 
  where 
  the 
  trappean 
  floor 
  is 
  nearly 
  horizontal, 
  

   some 
  large 
  spreads 
  of 
  the 
  lateritic 
  rocks 
  occur 
  along 
  the 
  border 
  between 
  

   the 
  traps 
  and 
  tertiaries 
  ; 
  also 
  as 
  outlying 
  patches 
  resting 
  on 
  the 
  former, 
  

   and 
  as 
  inliers 
  well 
  within 
  the 
  area 
  of 
  the 
  latter 
  formation. 
  These 
  

   inliers 
  are 
  in 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  hillocks, 
  crags, 
  and 
  bluffs 
  rising 
  over 
  the 
  plain, 
  

   having 
  resisted 
  the 
  denudation 
  prior 
  to 
  the 
  deposition 
  of 
  the 
  tertiary 
  

   beds 
  that 
  surround 
  them. 
  

  

  The 
  lateritic 
  rocks 
  in 
  Kathiawar 
  closely 
  resemble 
  in 
  many 
  respects 
  

   those 
  in 
  the 
  neighbouring 
  provinces 
  of 
  Cutch 
  and 
  Guzerat 
  ; 
  and 
  are 
  to 
  

   all 
  appearances 
  identical 
  with 
  the 
  l 
  high-level 
  laterite 
  ' 
  and 
  its 
  associates 
  

   of 
  Peninsular 
  India. 
  They 
  are 
  generally 
  unstratified, 
  richly 
  coloured, 
  

   mottled, 
  or 
  white 
  ; 
  the 
  more 
  lateritic 
  bands 
  are 
  frequently 
  strongly 
  fer- 
  

   ruginous, 
  developing 
  into 
  red 
  haematite. 
  1 
  

  

  Among 
  the 
  laterites 
  may 
  be 
  noted 
  a 
  softish 
  earthy 
  rock 
  of 
  laven- 
  

   der-grey 
  colour, 
  blotched 
  with 
  a 
  white 
  decom- 
  

   Varieties 
  of 
  the 
  rock. 
  , 
  

  

  posed 
  mineral 
  ; 
  another 
  variety 
  is 
  a 
  concretionary 
  

  

  and 
  partly 
  conglomeratic 
  grit, 
  of 
  argillaceous 
  pellets 
  and 
  nodules 
  in 
  

   a 
  dark 
  ferruginous 
  matrix 
  : 
  a 
  third 
  is 
  a 
  decomposed 
  brecciated 
  ash, 
  

   or 
  tuff, 
  consisting 
  of 
  white 
  and 
  faintly 
  mottled 
  soft 
  soapy 
  clay 
  (in 
  

   places 
  indurated 
  and 
  deeper 
  in 
  colour), 
  enclosing 
  lumps 
  and 
  lapilli 
  

   of 
  similar 
  rock, 
  but 
  more 
  richly 
  coloured 
  and 
  more 
  earthy 
  than 
  steati- 
  

   tic 
  ; 
  these 
  enclosures 
  sometimes 
  form 
  the 
  bulk 
  of 
  the 
  mass. 
  This 
  

   last 
  variety 
  was 
  observed 
  in 
  a 
  large 
  excavation 
  for 
  a 
  well 
  at 
  the 
  

   village 
  of 
  Bakharla, 
  north-north-east 
  of 
  Porbandar, 
  and 
  at 
  other 
  places 
  

   in 
  that 
  neighbourhood. 
  Its 
  position 
  is 
  below 
  the 
  strongly 
  ferruginous 
  

   and 
  lateritic 
  beds 
  of 
  the 
  rising 
  ground 
  to 
  the 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  village. 
  

   The 
  same 
  kind 
  of 
  rock 
  was 
  also 
  seen 
  near 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  lateritic 
  

   section 
  west 
  of 
  Habardi, 
  south 
  of 
  Asota, 
  near 
  the 
  Gulf 
  of 
  Cutch. 
  The 
  

  

  1 
  This 
  ore 
  was 
  largely 
  worked 
  and 
  smelted 
  in 
  former 
  days, 
  but 
  the 
  industry 
  was 
  given 
  

   up 
  about 
  forty 
  years 
  since 
  owing, 
  in 
  great 
  measure, 
  to 
  thee 
  heapness 
  of 
  the 
  imported 
  

   metal. 
  

  

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  106 
  ) 
  

  

  