﻿40 
  FEBDEN 
  : 
  GEOLOGY 
  OF 
  KATHIAWAR 
  PENINSULA 
  IN 
  GUZEKAT. 
  

  

  is 
  surrounded 
  by 
  an 
  extensive 
  rocky 
  reef. 
  At 
  low-water 
  spring 
  tides, 
  the. 
  

   channel 
  between 
  the 
  Piram 
  reef 
  and 
  a 
  rocky 
  reef 
  towards 
  the 
  maiDland 
  

   is 
  only 
  1,200 
  yards 
  wide, 
  and 
  has 
  the 
  extraordinary 
  depth 
  of 
  360 
  feet, 
  

   with 
  a 
  bottom 
  of 
  yellow 
  clay. 
  Sandhills 
  line 
  the 
  west 
  side, 
  and 
  both 
  

   ends 
  of 
  the 
  island 
  : 
  their 
  general 
  height 
  is 
  from 
  20 
  to 
  40 
  feet. 
  The 
  

   south-east 
  side 
  is 
  low 
  and 
  sloping 
  towards 
  the 
  Gulf 
  of 
  Cambay. 
  

  

  Dr. 
  Falconer, 
  in 
  his 
  paper 
  in 
  the 
  Quarterly 
  Journal 
  of 
  the 
  Geological 
  

   Discovery 
  of 
  fossils 
  in 
  Society 
  of 
  London 
  (Vol. 
  I, 
  1845), 
  states 
  that 
  the 
  

   first 
  announcement 
  of 
  the 
  Piram 
  fossils 
  was 
  given 
  

   in 
  a 
  communication 
  (to 
  the 
  Secretary 
  of 
  the 
  Asiatic 
  Society 
  of 
  Bengal), 
  

   dated 
  April 
  1836, 
  and 
  published 
  in 
  the 
  May 
  number 
  of 
  the 
  Journal 
  for 
  

   that 
  year, 
  by 
  Baron 
  Carl 
  von 
  Hugel, 
  in 
  which 
  he 
  mentions 
  their 
  having 
  

   been 
  discovered 
  by 
  Dr. 
  Lush. 
  

  

  Piram 
  island 
  is 
  also 
  mentioned 
  by 
  Dr. 
  George 
  Buist 
  (March 
  1855), 
  

   in 
  the 
  Transactions 
  of 
  the 
  Bombay 
  Geographical 
  Society 
  (Vol. 
  XIII). 
  

   He 
  observes 
  that 
  the 
  island, 
  at 
  low 
  water, 
  exhibits 
  twenty 
  times 
  the 
  area 
  

   it 
  presents 
  at 
  high 
  water 
  — 
  being 
  in 
  the 
  former 
  case 
  nine 
  miles 
  in 
  length 
  

   and 
  three 
  miles 
  across 
  ; 
  — 
  and 
  that 
  " 
  the 
  bones 
  and 
  other 
  petrifactions, 
  

   found 
  in 
  such 
  profusion 
  thirty 
  years 
  before, 
  when 
  the 
  place 
  first 
  became 
  

   known 
  to 
  geologists, 
  have 
  been 
  so 
  largely 
  drawn 
  upon 
  by 
  travellers, 
  that 
  

   they 
  are 
  now 
  (1855) 
  very 
  rarely 
  to 
  be 
  met 
  with 
  in 
  situ, 
  though 
  some 
  

   baskets-full 
  are 
  always 
  brought 
  by 
  the 
  fishermen 
  for 
  sale 
  to 
  the 
  travellers 
  "; 
  

   " 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  singular 
  (he 
  remarks) 
  how 
  correctly 
  they 
  are 
  generally 
  named 
  

   by 
  these 
  simple 
  people, 
  who, 
  it 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  presumed, 
  are 
  in 
  this 
  only 
  repeat- 
  

   ing 
  what 
  they 
  have 
  been 
  told." 
  

  

  If 
  the 
  fossils 
  were 
  becoming 
  scarce 
  in 
  1855, 
  it 
  is 
  no 
  wonder 
  that 
  goo 
  

   specimens 
  are 
  now, 
  1883, 
  rarely 
  to 
  be 
  obtained. 
  

  

  In 
  Captain 
  Ethersey's 
  paper, 
  above 
  cited, 
  is 
  given 
  a 
  carefully 
  measured 
  

   section 
  of 
  the 
  bluff 
  at 
  the 
  southern 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  island 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  Section, 
  descending. 
  

  

  (Beds 
  horizontal.) 
  

  

  Feet. 
  Inches. 
  

   Reddish 
  mould 
  mixed 
  with 
  stony 
  rubbish 
  ... 
  3 
  O 
  

  

  1. 
  Yellow 
  puddingstone 
  ...... 
  1 
  6 
  

  

  2 
  Sandy 
  clay 
  1 
  O 
  

  

  3. 
  Dark 
  coloured 
  puddingstone 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  .0 
  6 
  

  

  ( 
  112 
  ) 
  

  

  