﻿PWARKA 
  BEDS. 
  51 
  

  

  Many 
  masses 
  of 
  weathered-out 
  coral 
  lie 
  scattered 
  about 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  

  

  the 
  rocky 
  ground 
  between 
  the 
  villages 
  of 
  Nandana 
  

   Coral 
  zone. 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  

  

  and 
  Ran, 
  indicating 
  a 
  coral 
  zone 
  not 
  far 
  above 
  the 
  

  

  local 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  group. 
  

  

  Several 
  small 
  corals 
  were 
  also 
  obtained 
  from 
  a 
  ferruginous 
  bed 
  rest- 
  

   ing 
  immediately 
  upon, 
  and 
  abutting 
  against, 
  the 
  flank 
  of 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  

   lateritic 
  ridges 
  on 
  the 
  north 
  side 
  of 
  Nandana 
  (near 
  Bhatia) 
  . 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  Gaj 
  area 
  along 
  the 
  west 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  ran 
  separating 
  Oka 
  Mandai 
  

   from 
  the 
  mainland, 
  a 
  remarkably 
  large 
  variety 
  of 
  Ostrea 
  multicostata 
  

   occurs 
  in 
  soft 
  arenaceous 
  clays, 
  exposed 
  in 
  the 
  bank 
  of 
  a 
  creek- 
  like 
  recess 
  

   east 
  of 
  Lawarali 
  ; 
  and 
  tubes 
  of 
  Kuphus 
  rectus 
  were 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  soft 
  

   clay-marl 
  of 
  the 
  scarp 
  above 
  the 
  bank. 
  

  

  DwdrTca 
  heels. 
  — 
  This 
  group 
  comprises 
  rocks 
  of 
  very 
  various 
  Iitholo- 
  

   gical 
  character; 
  and 
  though 
  the 
  total 
  thickness 
  is 
  inconsiderable, 
  it 
  

   may 
  be 
  possible 
  eventually 
  to 
  divide 
  the 
  beds 
  into 
  sub-groups, 
  or 
  to 
  

   mark 
  off 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  later 
  deposits 
  as 
  pleistocene. 
  The 
  short 
  time 
  at 
  

   my 
  disposal, 
  towards 
  the 
  close 
  of 
  a 
  long 
  field 
  season, 
  did 
  not 
  admit 
  of 
  a 
  

   very 
  close 
  examination 
  of 
  these 
  rocks. 
  They 
  are, 
  for 
  the 
  most 
  part, 
  un- 
  

   fossiliferous, 
  though 
  some 
  beds 
  are 
  composed 
  almost 
  entirely 
  of 
  organic 
  

   fragments 
  (pounded 
  shells, 
  corals, 
  &c), 
  but 
  the 
  few 
  recognizable 
  fossils 
  

   are 
  not 
  sufficiently 
  characteristic 
  to 
  determine 
  the 
  relative 
  age 
  of 
  the 
  

   several 
  deposits. 
  

  

  The 
  lower 
  beds 
  of 
  the 
  group 
  are 
  yellow, 
  soft, 
  and 
  earthy, 
  or 
  clayey 
  

   Reasons 
  for 
  separating 
  and 
  gypseous 
  in 
  part 
  ; 
  sometimes 
  strongly 
  stained 
  

   them 
  from 
  the 
  Gaj. 
  by 
  iron, 
  with 
  a 
  few 
  thin 
  bands 
  of 
  harder 
  rock. 
  I 
  

  

  have 
  separated 
  these 
  beds 
  from 
  the 
  Gaj 
  group, 
  on 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  marked 
  

   change 
  in 
  appearance 
  and 
  mineral 
  character, 
  and 
  the 
  absence 
  of 
  any 
  Gaj 
  

   fossils 
  ; 
  indeed, 
  no 
  fossils 
  at 
  all 
  were 
  obtained, 
  except 
  from 
  a 
  concre- 
  

   tionary 
  gritty 
  band, 
  in 
  the 
  neighbourhood 
  of 
  Gaga, 
  in 
  which 
  a 
  small 
  

   peculiar 
  Pecten, 
  unknown 
  in 
  the 
  lower 
  group, 
  is 
  rather 
  abundant. 
  

  

  The 
  reddish-yellow 
  soft, 
  earthy 
  or 
  marly 
  clay 
  beds 
  occupy 
  the 
  low- 
  

   lying 
  parts 
  of 
  southern 
  Oka 
  Mandai, 
  and 
  extend 
  away 
  to 
  the 
  south-east, 
  

   into 
  the 
  low 
  hills 
  near 
  the 
  coast. 
  

  

  ( 
  123 
  ) 
  

  

  