﻿56 
  FEDDEN 
  : 
  GEOLOGY 
  OF 
  KATHIAWAR 
  PENINSULA 
  IN 
  GUZERAT. 
  

  

  At 
  Verawal 
  a 
  variety 
  of 
  miliolite 
  is 
  quarried, 
  in 
  enormous 
  masses, 
  for 
  

   Miliolite 
  used 
  for 
  the 
  break- 
  water. 
  It 
  is 
  a 
  fine-grained 
  close 
  white 
  

   Verawal 
  break-water. 
  rockj 
  though 
  mU 
  ch 
  honeycombed, 
  averaging 
  about 
  

  

  three 
  feet 
  in 
  thickness. 
  It 
  rests, 
  with 
  an 
  earthy 
  parting, 
  upon 
  a 
  darker 
  

   and 
  more 
  compact, 
  though 
  much 
  worn 
  and 
  perforated, 
  limestone, 
  which 
  

   passes 
  down 
  into 
  a 
  concretionary, 
  impure 
  sandy 
  limestone; 
  this 
  latter 
  

   is, 
  in 
  part, 
  a 
  mass 
  of 
  nodular 
  concretions. 
  In 
  another 
  quarry 
  near 
  by, 
  

   a 
  compact, 
  whitish, 
  finely-speckled 
  miliolitic 
  limestone 
  was 
  observed 
  

   to 
  pass 
  laterally 
  into 
  an 
  open 
  porous 
  sandy-looking 
  rock 
  — 
  though 
  made 
  

   up 
  very 
  largely 
  of 
  organic 
  fragments 
  and 
  minute 
  organisms 
  — 
  which 
  

   much 
  resembles 
  the 
  raised 
  shore 
  rock 
  mentioned 
  above. 
  

  

  The 
  miliolite 
  of 
  the 
  interior 
  occurs 
  capriciously 
  in 
  the 
  gorges 
  of 
  the 
  

   hills, 
  or 
  as 
  patches 
  on 
  their 
  sides, 
  like 
  remnants 
  of 
  a 
  snow 
  drift 
  ; 
  and, 
  

   though 
  conspicuous 
  enough 
  in 
  the 
  field, 
  these 
  restricted 
  patches 
  could 
  not 
  

   be 
  indicated 
  except 
  on 
  a 
  large-scale 
  map. 
  The 
  rock 
  is 
  extensively 
  used 
  

   both 
  as 
  a 
  building 
  stone 
  and 
  for 
  making 
  lime. 
  

  

  The 
  conical 
  hill 
  of 
  Chotila, 
  that 
  gives 
  its 
  name 
  to 
  the 
  thdna 
  and 
  

   Miliolite 
  on 
  Chotila 
  * 
  ar 
  ge 
  village 
  on 
  the 
  high 
  road 
  mid-way 
  between 
  

   hl11, 
  Wadhwan 
  and 
  Rajkot, 
  is 
  the 
  highest 
  point 
  in 
  all 
  

  

  northern 
  Kathiawar. 
  It 
  is 
  recorded 
  as 
  being 
  1,173 
  feet 
  above 
  mean 
  

   sea-level, 
  and 
  is 
  about 
  550 
  feet 
  higher 
  than 
  the 
  surrounding 
  plains. 
  

   The 
  hill 
  is 
  of 
  trap, 
  with 
  a 
  nether 
  foundation 
  of 
  sandstone, 
  as 
  described 
  

   in 
  a 
  previous 
  page 
  ; 
  but 
  in 
  the 
  fringe 
  of 
  miliolite 
  which 
  occurs 
  around 
  

   its 
  truncated 
  top, 
  there 
  is 
  conclusive 
  evidence 
  that 
  this 
  hill, 
  and 
  con- 
  

   sequently 
  all 
  the 
  surrounding 
  country, 
  has 
  been 
  beneath 
  the 
  sea 
  within 
  

   comparatively 
  recent 
  times. 
  Probably 
  the 
  greater 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  peninsula 
  

   was 
  depressed 
  at 
  least 
  1,170 
  feet 
  lower 
  than 
  it 
  stands 
  at 
  the 
  present 
  day. 
  

  

  Extensive 
  rock 
  plains 
  are 
  a 
  peculiar 
  feature 
  in 
  the 
  western 
  parts 
  of 
  

  

  Kathiawar, 
  more 
  particularly 
  in 
  the 
  Dhrol 
  and 
  the 
  

   Rock 
  plains. 
  

  

  JSawanagar 
  States. 
  The 
  rock 
  of 
  these 
  parts 
  is 
  

  

  bedded 
  trap, 
  mostly 
  decomposed 
  and 
  crumbling. 
  Yet 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  

  

  the 
  country 
  is 
  almost 
  as 
  level 
  as 
  that 
  of 
  an 
  alluvial 
  plain. 
  The 
  planing 
  

  

  down 
  of 
  such 
  material 
  could 
  not 
  have 
  been 
  effected 
  by 
  subaerial 
  denu- 
  

  

  ( 
  1*8 
  ) 
  

  

  