﻿SUB-RECENT 
  AND 
  ALLUVIAL 
  BEDS. 
  59 
  

  

  alluvial 
  rocks 
  shows 
  wear 
  and 
  denudation 
  in 
  some 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  field, 
  and 
  

   are 
  even 
  occasionally 
  heavily 
  conglomeratic. 
  

  

  Raised 
  coral 
  reefs 
  and 
  oyster 
  beds. 
  — 
  The 
  whole 
  of 
  the 
  sea-board 
  

   Coral 
  reefs 
  in 
  Gulf 
  of 
  facing 
  the 
  Gulf 
  of 
  Cutch 
  from 
  Nawanagar 
  west- 
  

   ward, 
  including 
  the 
  islands 
  off 
  the 
  coast, 
  is 
  fringed 
  

   with 
  dead 
  coral 
  reefs 
  : 
  the 
  surfaces 
  of 
  which 
  are 
  much 
  exposed 
  at 
  low 
  

   spring 
  tides. 
  In 
  some 
  places 
  the 
  coral 
  floor 
  extends 
  inland 
  up 
  to 
  high 
  

   tide 
  level, 
  as 
  a 
  Salaya, 
  the 
  bandar 
  for 
  the 
  town 
  of 
  Khambhala. 
  The 
  

   coral 
  has 
  a 
  very 
  fine, 
  and 
  uniform 
  texture, 
  and 
  has 
  been 
  worked 
  as 
  a 
  

   substitute 
  for 
  stone 
  for 
  building, 
  but 
  not 
  with 
  very 
  satisfactory 
  results 
  

   owing 
  to 
  salt 
  impregnation. 
  

  

  The 
  existence 
  of 
  these 
  dead 
  coral 
  reefs 
  is, 
  of 
  course, 
  a 
  proof 
  that 
  the 
  

   country 
  has 
  been 
  rising 
  during 
  late 
  times. 
  

  

  A 
  further 
  instance 
  of 
  the 
  rising 
  of 
  the 
  peninsula 
  is 
  seen 
  in 
  the 
  

   Deafl 
  oyster 
  beds 
  in- 
  occurrence 
  of 
  dead 
  oyster 
  beds 
  in 
  the 
  Malia 
  district, 
  

  

  dicating 
  upheaval. 
  some 
  way 
  aboye 
  the 
  ^ad 
  o£ 
  the 
  gulf 
  0ne 
  of 
  

  

  these 
  dead 
  oyster 
  beds 
  may 
  be 
  seen 
  in 
  the 
  bed 
  of 
  a 
  stream 
  two 
  miles 
  

   north 
  of 
  Malia, 
  15 
  miles 
  from 
  the 
  nearest 
  sea-coast, 
  and 
  five 
  miles 
  

   from 
  the 
  highest 
  spring-tide 
  mark. 
  A 
  second 
  locality 
  is 
  to 
  the 
  east 
  of 
  

   Malia, 
  where 
  the 
  oyster 
  bed 
  is 
  exposed 
  along 
  the 
  banks 
  of 
  a 
  small 
  stream 
  

   course 
  near 
  the 
  village 
  of 
  Chikli. 
  This 
  site 
  is 
  22 
  miles 
  in 
  a 
  bee-line 
  

   from 
  the 
  present 
  sea-coast, 
  and 
  about 
  ten 
  miles 
  from 
  the 
  highest 
  spring- 
  

   tide 
  mark. 
  There 
  are 
  at 
  least 
  two 
  large 
  species 
  of 
  Ostrea, 
  one 
  of 
  which 
  

   is 
  identical 
  with 
  the 
  edible 
  oyster 
  of 
  the 
  south 
  coast. 
  The 
  associated 
  

   rocks 
  are 
  sub 
  -recent 
  concrete 
  imperfectly 
  cemented, 
  and 
  gravel 
  beds. 
  

   Both 
  the 
  localities 
  mentioned 
  are 
  within 
  a 
  mile 
  and 
  a 
  half 
  of 
  the 
  Ran. 
  1 
  

   The 
  soil 
  of 
  the 
  plains 
  is 
  very 
  shallow 
  ; 
  and 
  varies 
  from 
  black 
  cotton 
  

   soil, 
  where 
  the 
  floor 
  is 
  of 
  trap, 
  to 
  a 
  light 
  sandy 
  

   one 
  when 
  resting 
  upon 
  sandstone. 
  The 
  eastern 
  

   side 
  of 
  any 
  extensive 
  spread 
  of 
  the 
  latter 
  is 
  almost 
  wholly 
  of 
  pure 
  sand, 
  

   accumulated 
  in 
  that 
  direction 
  by 
  the 
  prevailing 
  westerly 
  winds. 
  

  

  1 
  Some 
  marine 
  shells, 
  of 
  sub-recent 
  date, 
  were 
  also 
  collected 
  from 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  

   Ran 
  in 
  this 
  locality. 
  

  

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