﻿BARREN 
  ISLAND. 
  

  

  25 
  

  

  heavy 
  falls 
  of 
  rain, 
  is 
  carried 
  on 
  entirely 
  beneath 
  the 
  surface, 
  by 
  percola- 
  

   tion 
  through 
  the 
  ash, 
  &c, 
  until 
  it 
  reaches 
  the 
  level 
  of 
  the 
  sea, 
  where 
  it 
  is, 
  

   I 
  think, 
  unquestionably 
  to 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  springs 
  of 
  hot 
  water 
  which 
  

   gush 
  forth 
  on 
  the 
  beach 
  at 
  the 
  landing-place. 
  The 
  shore, 
  between 
  the 
  

   cliffs 
  of 
  ancient 
  lava 
  and 
  the 
  recent 
  stream, 
  has 
  a 
  length 
  of 
  about 
  40 
  

   yards, 
  and 
  along 
  it 
  the 
  hot 
  water 
  issues 
  in 
  numerous 
  places 
  from 
  

   between 
  the 
  shingle. 
  The 
  level 
  of 
  the 
  springs 
  rises 
  and 
  falls 
  with 
  the 
  

   tide, 
  as 
  was 
  distinctly 
  shown 
  by 
  a 
  well, 
  sunk 
  in 
  the 
  ash, 
  about 
  20 
  yards 
  

   from 
  the 
  beach, 
  the 
  bottom 
  of 
  which 
  filled 
  with 
  hot 
  water 
  at 
  the 
  flow 
  of 
  

   the 
  tide, 
  and 
  ran 
  dry 
  at 
  the 
  ebb. 
  The 
  high 
  temperature 
  of 
  the 
  water 
  is> 
  

   I 
  think, 
  beyond 
  doubt, 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  recent 
  lava, 
  and 
  consequently 
  the 
  sco- 
  

   riaceous 
  and 
  other 
  porous 
  material 
  beneath 
  it, 
  through 
  which 
  the 
  drainage 
  

   percolates, 
  not 
  having 
  yet 
  completely 
  cooled. 
  1 
  The 
  accounts 
  given 
  by 
  

   different 
  visitors 
  show 
  conclusively 
  that 
  the 
  spring 
  is 
  rapidly 
  falling 
  in 
  

   temperature, 
  a 
  result 
  naturally 
  to 
  be 
  expected 
  from 
  the 
  cooling 
  of 
  the 
  lava. 
  

  

  Date. 
  

  

  Temperature 
  of 
  springs. 
  

  

  Authority. 
  

  

  March, 
  1789 
  

  

  No 
  mention 
  of 
  the 
  spring 
  . 
  

  

  Captain 
  Blair. 
  

  

  March, 
  1832 
  

  

  " 
  On 
  approaching 
  to 
  within 
  a 
  hundred 
  yards 
  

   of 
  the 
  shore, 
  we 
  were 
  suddenly 
  assailed 
  

  

  Commander 
  of 
  a 
  ship. 
  

  

  

  by 
  hot 
  puffs 
  of 
  wind, 
  and 
  on 
  dipping 
  our 
  

  

  • 
  

  

  

  fingers 
  into 
  the 
  water, 
  were 
  surprised 
  

  

  

  

  to 
  find 
  it 
  as 
  hot 
  almost 
  as 
  if 
  it 
  had 
  

  

  

  

  been 
  boiling. 
  The 
  stones 
  on 
  shore, 
  and 
  

  

  

  

  the 
  rocks 
  exposed 
  by 
  the 
  ebbing 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  

  

  tide, 
  were 
  smoking 
  and 
  hissing, 
  and 
  the 
  

  

  

  

  water 
  was 
  bubbling 
  all 
  round 
  them." 
  

  

  

  December, 
  1857 
  . 
  

  

  Temperature 
  a 
  too 
  high 
  to 
  be 
  borne 
  by 
  

   the 
  hand, 
  the 
  mercury 
  in 
  the 
  only 
  ther- 
  

   mometer 
  in 
  our 
  possession 
  rising 
  im- 
  

   mediately 
  to 
  140° 
  — 
  its 
  limit." 
  

  

  Dr. 
  Playfair. 
  

  

  Ditto 
  

  

  '• 
  A 
  natural 
  boiling 
  spring 
  " 
  . 
  

  

  Dr. 
  Mouat. 
  

  

  March, 
  1858 
  

  

  " 
  The 
  water, 
  where 
  escaping 
  from 
  the 
  

   rock, 
  must 
  have 
  been 
  nearly 
  at 
  the 
  boil- 
  

  

  Dr. 
  Liebig. 
  

  

  • 
  

  

  ing 
  point." 
  

  

  

  1862 
  

  

  " 
  Scalding 
  hot 
  " 
  . 
  . 
  

  

  Rev. 
  C. 
  Parish. 
  

  

  April, 
  1866 
  

  

  158° 
  to 
  163° 
  F. 
  . 
  

  

  Andaman 
  Committee. 
  

  

  March, 
  1873 
  

  

  130° 
  F. 
  .... 
  

  

  Prof. 
  V. 
  Ball. 
  

  

  February, 
  1884 
  . 
  

  

  106° 
  to 
  116° 
  F. 
  . 
  . 
  . 
  

  

  F. 
  E. 
  Mallet. 
  

  

  1 
  The 
  extreme 
  slowness 
  with 
  which 
  some 
  lava 
  streams 
  cool 
  is 
  well 
  known 
  ; 
  thus 
  Dr. 
  

   Geikie 
  cites 
  an 
  instance, 
  in 
  Mexico, 
  where 
  a 
  cigar 
  could 
  be 
  lighted 
  in 
  the 
  fissures 
  21 
  years 
  

   after 
  the 
  outpour 
  of 
  molten 
  rock, 
  which 
  was 
  still 
  steaming 
  after 
  87 
  years 
  had 
  elapsed. 
  

   (Text-Book 
  of 
  Geology, 
  p. 
  230.) 
  

  

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