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THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



Employer and Employe. Boston and New York : 

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Gould, George M., M. D. Concerning Keflex 

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Hazard, Rowland Gibson, LL. D. "Works. Ed- 

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Janes, Lewis G. Evolution of the Earth. Bos- 

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Letchworth, William P. The Insane in Foreign 

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Lewis, T. H., Minnesota. Minor Antiquarian 

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Lockhart, John Gibson. Ancient Spanish Bal- 

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Lloyd, J. Hendrie, Philadelphia. The Insanity 

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McLean, John. The Indians: Their Manners 

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Mallery, Garrick. Philosophy and Specialties. 

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Mallet, Prof. J. W. Experiments upon Alum 

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Massachusetts Agricultural College, Amherst. 

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Mixter. William G. An Elementary Text-Book 

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National Educational Association, Proceedings 

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Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station. Sec- 

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POPULAR MISCELLANY. 



Preserving Timber from Moisture. — The 



following recommendations are given by the 

 Forestry Division of the Department of Ag- 

 riculture in regard to the cheaper coatings 

 for keeping moisture out of timber : Never 

 apply paint or any other coating to green or 

 unseasoned timber. If the wood was not 

 well dried or seasoned, the coat will only 

 hasten decay. Good coatjngs consist of oily 

 or resinous substances which make a smooth 

 coat capable of being uniformly applied. 

 They must cover every part, must not crack, 

 and possess a certain amount of plasticity 

 after drying. Coal-tar, with or without sand 

 or plaster, and pitch, especially if mixed with 

 oil of turpentine and applied hot (thus pene- 

 trating more deeply), answer best. A mixt- 

 ure of three parts coal-tar and one part 

 clean unsalted grease, to prevent the tar 

 from drying until it has had time to fill the 

 minute pores, is recommended. One barrel 

 of coal-tar (three to four dollars per bar- 

 rel) will cover three hundred posts. Wood- 

 tar is not serviceable because it does not dry. 

 Oil paints are next in value. Boiled linseed- 

 oil, or any other drying vegetable oil, is used 

 with lead or any other body, like powdered 

 charcoal, which will give substance to it. 

 Immersion in crude petroleum is also rec- 

 ommended. Charring of those parts which 

 come in contact with the ground can be con- 

 sidered only as an imperfect preservative, 

 and unless it is carefully done, and a consid- 

 erable layer of charcoal is formed, the effect 

 is often detrimental, as the process both 

 weakens the timber and produces cracks, thus 

 exposing the interior to ferments. Lastly, in 

 communities where durable timber is scarce, 

 it will pay to establish a plant for impreg- 

 nating timber with antiseptics by the more 

 costly processes described in " Forestry Bul- 

 letin " No. L 



