LITERARY NOTICES. 



4 J 7 



periodicals, or in book-form — while some of 

 them have never before been published — are 

 grouped in these four volumes in as many 

 sets, each having its distinctive character. 

 In the volume containing the portrait and 

 " Biographical Preface," the most important 

 paper is on " Language," the first essay which 

 the author produced, and one which, as he 

 averred, contained the germs of all his writ- 

 ings. It attracted the attention of Dr. Chan- 

 ning, and was the origin of a lasting friend- 

 ship between the two. Of the other papers 

 the most notable are those on " The Adapta- 

 tion of the Universe to the Cultivation of the 

 Mind " ; " The Bible," now for the first time 

 published ; " Intemperance " ; " The Public 

 Schools " ; and " The Duty of Individuals to 

 support Science and Literature." A second 

 volume of " Economics and Politics " con- 

 tains papers on public questions. The first 

 of them, on the " Decline of Political Moral- 

 ity," is as good reading and as pertinent now 

 as when it was spoken immediately after the 

 election of the elder Harrison in 1840. The 

 others were related to questions of their time, 

 such as the " Fugitive-Slave Law " ; matters 

 concerning railroads and their charges ; " The 

 Tariff"; "Bribery;" "Hours of Labor"; 

 and questions of finance and policy that arose 

 during the war or have arisen since. A third 

 volume comprises the book "Freedom of 

 Mind in Willing," which was first published 

 by D. Appleton & Co. in 1864. It was pre- 

 pared at the suggestion of Dr. Channing, as 

 an answer to the position of Edwards, and is 

 preceded by an analysis by Prof. G. P. Fisher 

 of the author's philosophical writings. The 

 fourth volume contains the letters on " Cau- 

 sation and Free Will," which were addressed 

 to John Stuart Mill, with their appendixes, the 

 "Existence of Matter" and " Our Notions of 

 Infinite Space " ; "Animals not Automata," 

 which first appeared in this magazine, and 

 discourses on " Man a Creative First Cause." 



Some Chapters on Judaism and the Science 

 of Religion. By Rabbi Louis Gitoss- 

 mann, D. D. New York : G. P. Putnam's 

 Sons. Pp. 190. Price, $1.50. 



The author attempts to sketch in this 

 volume a few agreements which he discerns 

 as already noticeable between historical Ju- 

 daism and the present science of religion, 

 leading up to the thought that the science of 

 religion is the science of Judaism — or, as he 

 vol. xxxt. — 2*7 



otherwise expresses himself, that the results 

 of the science of religion and the doctrines 

 of Judaism overlap each other. He first aims 

 to show that religion is intuitive, or that the 

 religious feeling is native and common to all 

 men; that it is spontaneous, by which is meant 

 that the feeling, having been suggested by in- 

 tuition, is made active and manifests itself in 

 some form of personification. In the chap- 

 ter on " The Universal Religion and the 

 Sects," religion is treated as in some sort a 

 growth and an adaptation. A distinction is 

 drawn between religion and theology : " Re- 

 ligion is a child of our heart, theology is a 

 creation of our mind. . . . Religion is eter- 

 nal ; theology a make-shift, which the exi- 

 gencies of time and the compelling agents of 

 Providence may throw into a useless heap." 

 The relations of prophecy and the value of 

 religious book3 are considered. The stand- 

 ard of morality, theories of ethics, and the 

 relations of religion and knowledge, are dis- 

 cussed. The relations of Judaism are treat- 

 ed of under the headings of its history and 

 the foreign elements in Judaism. The book 

 is full of suggestion, but the peculiarities of 

 its thought and style make very careful read- 

 ing essential to the proper appreciation of it. 



The Indians : Their Manners and Customs. 

 By John McLean. With Eighteen Il- 

 lustrations. Toronto : William Briggs. 

 Pp. 351. 



The information embodied in this book 

 is based upon a nine years' residence of the 

 author as a missionary among the Blood 

 Indians of the Canadian Northwest, and 

 some facts of a historical nature have been 

 obtained from other sources. Finding that 

 many of the books about the Indians are of 

 a sensational character, he has endeavored 

 to write an account that should be reliable 

 and at the same time interesting. A large 

 number of topics are touched upon, includ- 

 ing family, wax-, and social customs, religions, 

 languages, legends, and traditions, modes of 

 communication, and Indian oratory. Sketches 

 are given of Tecumseh, Red Jacket, and 

 other Indian heroes, and there is a chapter 

 consisting of frontier tales of adventure. 

 The author tells of the results achieved by 

 the missionaries in Christianizing and civi- 

 lizing the Indians, and gives his ideas on 

 the Indian problem. " Hand, head, and 

 heart training must go together," he says, 



