LITERARY NOTICES. 



419 



gard to the relationship of morphological 

 and physiological details to general princi- 

 ples have been introduced, because the author 

 is convinced that " working hypotheses not 

 only serve to weave apparently isolated facts 

 together, but give a certain vividness and 

 interest to what would otherwise prove too 

 often a bare and lifeless catalogue of data." 

 lie has made the botanical aspect of biology 

 predominate over the animal in this book, 

 because he deems the former from its sim- 

 plicity more suited to elementary study, and 

 because the latter has been abundantly 

 treated by other authors. The book con- 

 tains 192 cuts. 



Among the late " Bulletins " of the 

 United States Geological Survey are No. 40, 

 on Changes in River Courses in Washington 

 Territory due to Glaciation, by Bailey Willis, 

 with maps ; No. 41, TJie Fossil Faunas of 

 the Upper Devonian — the Genesee Section, 

 New York, by Henry S. Williams; No. 42, 

 Report of the Work done in the division of 

 Chemistry and Physics (1885-'S6), by F. W. 

 Clarke ; No. 43, On the Tertiary and Cre- 

 taceous Strata of the Tuscaloosa, Tombigbee, 

 and Alabama Rivers, by Eugene A. Smith 

 and Lawrence C. Johnson; No. 44, Bibliog- 

 raphy of North American Geology for 1886, 

 by Nelson H. Darton ; No. 45, Present Con- 

 dition of Knowledge of the Geology of Texas, 

 by Robert T. Hill; No. 46, The Nature and 

 Origin of Deposits of Phosphate of Lime, 

 by R. A. F. Penrose, Jr., with an introduc- 

 tion by Prof. Shaler, and a bibliography; 

 and No. 47, Analysis of Waters of the Yellow- 

 stone National Park, with an Account of the 

 Methods of Analysis employed, by Frank 

 Austin Gooch and James Edward Wliitfield. 



Of two recent geological essays by W 

 J McGee, Notes on the Geology of Macon 

 County, Missouri, embodies the results of a 

 survey which was made preliminary to put- 

 ting down a prospect bore ; and Dynamical 

 Geology relates to certain fundamental defi- 

 nitions growing out of the discrimination of 

 processes commonly confounded but really 

 distinct. 



A little manual of Deductive Logic has 

 been issued by St. George Stock, M. A. (Long- 

 mans, $1.25). The author remarks in his 

 preface that one critic who examined his 

 book in manuscript advised him not to pub- 

 lish it, because it was too like all other 



logics, while another advised him to cut out 

 a considerable amount of new matter. He 

 followed the latter advice, and hopes that 

 he has at least escaped the guilt of wanton 

 innovation. His object has been "to pro- 

 duce a work which should be as thoroughly 

 representative of the present state of the 

 logic of the Oxford schools as any of the 

 text-books of the past." As a qualification 

 for his task, he refers to seventeen years of 

 study and teaching of the subject at Oxford. 

 A collection of exercises is appended. The 

 volume is made in a neat and convenient form. 



The most noticeable characteristic of 

 Cram's Standard American Atlas of the 

 World (George F. Cram, New York, $10.50) 

 is its unconventional handiness. On the 

 front cover is an index of the United States, 

 Canada, and Mescco maps, and the pages 

 referred to here and in the full index inside 

 the volume can be readily found, as the 

 leaves are printed on both sides, either 

 with maps or letterpress. The volume con- 

 tains maps of all the States and Territories 

 of the United States, which, it is stated on 

 the title-page, " are the largest scale and 

 clearest print of any atlas maps published." 

 There are also maps of the various divisions 

 of Canada, the other countries of North 

 America, Europe and its countries, South 

 America, Asia, Africa, Australia, and the 

 chief island groups of the world, and twenty- 

 two maps of American cities. Each State 

 map is accompanied by an index of its towns 

 and villages, with information in regard to 

 location, population, post offices, railways, etc. 

 At the end of the book are twenty pages of 

 " curiosities of statistics," and six pages of 

 colored statistical diagrams. We have found 

 with very little search a number of errors in 

 its maps and its figures of population. 



An American edition of Sonnenscheiii's 

 Cyclopaedia of Education, edited by Alfred 

 E. Fletcher, is published by Bardeen ($3.75) 

 It comprises a wide variety of pedagogical, 

 psychological, historical, descriptive, and 

 biographical articles, by such writers as Os- 

 car Browning, J. S. Curwen, James Donald- 

 son, Sir Philip Magnus, David Salmon, 

 Arthur Sidgwick, and James Sully. A bib- 

 liography of education, occupying thirty- 

 four pacres, is appended. 



A History of Education in North Caro- 

 lina, by Charles Lee Smith, is published by 



