POPULAR MISCELLANY. 



711 



McClure, William S. Scientific Materialism ; its 

 Effect in Art and Morals. Albany : The Argus Com- 

 pany. Pp. 16. 



MacDonald, Rev. D., Savannah Harbor, New 

 Hebrides. Oceania, Linguistic and Anthropological. 

 London : Sampson Low, Marston, Searle & Eiving- 

 ton. Limited. Pp. 218. 



Meriwether, Colyer. History of Higher Educa- 

 tion in South Carolina. 



Michigan. Eeport of H. B. Baker, Secretary of 

 the State Board of Health, for lS8T-'88. Pp. 328.— 

 Agricultural College Experiment Station Bulletins, 

 Nos. 50 and 51. — The Grain-Plant Louse, and Ene- 

 mies of the Wheat Aphis. Pp. 6 and 1. Lansing. 



New York Agricultural Experiment Station. 

 Peter Collier, Director. Bulletin. A Study of the 

 Corn-Plant : Lucern or Alfalfa. 



Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin, 

 Columbus. Colic of Horses. By H. J. Detmers. 

 Pp. 4S. 



Eyder, Prof. John A. The Origin and Meaning 

 of Sex. (Two papers.) Pp. 2 and 3. 



Sensenig. David M. Numbers Universalized. 

 An Advanced Algebra. Part I. New Tork : D. 

 Appleton & Co. Pp. 353. $1 .40. 



Sizer, Nelson. Eight Selection in Wedlock. New 

 Tork : Fowlers & Wells. Pp. 31. 10 cents. 



Smith, Charles Lee. History of Education in 

 North Carolina. Washington : Government Print- 

 ing-Office. Pp. 180. 



Smock John C. Iron Mines and Iron-Ore Dis- 

 tricts in the State of New York. New York State 

 Museum of Natural History. Pp. TO, with Map. 



Taylor, Thomas, M. D. Twelve Edible Mush- 

 rooms of the United States. Washington, D. C. : 

 Gibson Brothers. Pp. 23, with Plate. 



Toronto, City of. Eeport on Extension of Wa- 

 ter-Supply and Disposal of Sewage. By Eudolf 

 Hering and 8. M. Gray. Pp. 26, with Maps, ete. 



Turner, J. B. Extracts from Note-Books on 

 " The Fallacies of Science and Faith, 1 ' etc. Jack- 

 sonville, 111. : Morton Brothers. Pp. 30. 



Van Dalle, A. N., Editor. Pages chaises des Me- 

 moirs du Due de Saint Simon. Boston: Ginn & 

 Co. Pp. 23T. T5 cents. 



Wilber, Francis A. A Convenient Form of Gas- 

 Receiver, etc. Pp. 3. 



Wisconsin. Twelfth Annual Eeport of the State 

 Board of Health. J. T. Eeeve, M. D., Secretary, 

 Madison. Pp. 302. 



Woodward, C. M.. St. Louis. Eelation of Man- 

 ual Training to Body and Mind. Pp. 26. 



POPULAR MISCELLANY. 



Practical and Moral Instruction in 

 Schools. — What shall be taught in the 

 schools, says the New York State Superin- 

 tendent, in his last report, is a difficult ques- 

 tion to answer. The law leaves it to each 

 locality to settle for itself. " The tendency 

 of the times, particularly in the larger places, 

 is to undertake too much. It ought to be re- 

 membered that it does not devolve upon the 

 public schools to put into the child's head 

 all that he will ever be expected to know. . . . 

 It is better to create a desire for knowledge, 

 and supply the implements with which to 

 gain it." The trial of manual training is 

 commended, and this, it is observed, need 

 not be confined to carpentry work with boys 



and making aprons and dresses with girls. 

 Free-hand or industrial drawing may train 

 the hand and the eye more effectually than 

 handling a saw or a needle. Every school 

 in the State may undertake this without diffi- 

 culty. The importance of a pervading moral 

 influence in the school-room is insisted upon. 

 "There is, unfortunately," the superintendent 

 remarks, " but little done to stimulate patri- 

 otism among children in the public schools, 

 or outside of them. A generation ago it 

 was common to use the masterpieces of our 

 national oratory for the purposes of recita- 

 tion and declamation in the schools, and the 

 resultant influences were of no small conse- 

 quence in arousing and cultivating patriotic 

 ardor in the rising generations. Then every 

 child was required to take part in the exer- 

 cises. But even this is no longer common. 

 The modern fashion is to take pupils who 

 give promise of special success as orators 

 and readers and train them elaborately for 

 show upon public occasions. The older 

 custom might be revived with profit." The 

 normal schools continue to grow in size and 

 extent and to improve in the character and 

 quality of the work performed; and they 

 are gradually confining themselves more and 

 more closely to their legitimate work, the 

 preparation of teachers for the public 

 schools. 



Methods of Transportation.— The de- 

 velopment of the art of carrying is considered 

 by Prof. O. T. Mason in a paper in the 

 " American Anthropologist " on " The Begin- 

 nings of the Carrying Industry." Twenty 

 distinct forms of the art are enumerated by 

 him as preceding the modern inventions of 

 transportation by the power of machinery. 

 Among them are carrying in the hand, 

 which is universal ; with both hands, when 

 the load is divided and balanced ; on the 

 fingers — the method of the ancient royal 

 cup-bearers ; with a baldric ; with the load 

 hung to a belt — chiefly employed in car- 

 rying treasure ; hung to the arm, as when a 

 basket is used ; hung from the shoulders, 

 on the shoulder, on the scapulae, on the 

 back, on the head, on the forehead or 

 bregma, in pockets, by men combined, by 

 hauling, by throwing or tossing, by caravans, 

 with relays, and by couriers. Primitive 

 commerce, says the author, "and all the 



