748 THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



Others, again, lose the power of speech or of writing without 

 having their understanding of language interfered with or without 

 any paralysis of the muscles — the effort-memory of speech is lost. 



Such effects find their only possible explanation in the fact 

 that each set of memory-pictures may be destroyed simply, and 

 this is only possible provided they are situated in separate regions, 

 of the brain. 



And there is a great practical application of all this theory of 

 localization, which has only been reached within the past three 

 years. 



If it is possible to locate a set of memories, and in the progress 

 of disease those memories are lost, it is evident that the location 

 of the disease has been determined. Sometimes that disease is of 

 a kind which can be removed — for example, a brain tumor. From 

 a study of such facts as those presented here it has been possible 

 to determine the location of tumors in the brain, and, although 

 externally there was no sign of disease, it has been possible for 

 surgeons to go through the skull to find the tumor and to remove 

 it. Up to the present time about seventy such operations have 

 been done in this country and in Europe, and of these fifty have 

 been successful, and what was formerly considered a necessarily 

 fatal disease has thus been cured. 



The practical demonstration of the truth of the new phrenol- 

 ogy is therefore complete. 



The old phrenology, as we have seen, was wrong in its theory, 

 wrong in its facts, wrong in its interpretation of mental processes, 

 and never led to the slightest practical result. The new phrenol- 

 ogy is scientific in its methods, in its observations, and in its anal- 

 ysis, and is convincing in its conclusions. And who can now 

 set a limit to the benefit it has brought to mankind by its practi- 

 cal application to the saving of human lives ? 



LIFE AT THE CAMEROONS. 



By EOBEKT MttLLEK, M. D. 



THE Cameroons youth has the inclination to independence from 

 the day of his birth, and it is taken advantage of by his 

 mother. Before he can walk, she sets him out near the house, 

 where he looks about him all the day at will. As soon as he is 

 large enough she gives him the day's catch of fish of his father 

 or elder brother, to spread and turn for drying and putting away. 

 As soon as he can use his legs, he is taken by his brothers or a 

 friendly youth in the canoe, and is gradually taught the manage- 

 ment of the vessel. When he has become stronger, he is allowed 



