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• THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



tifully repays." Having dwelt upon the 

 plans for the garden as revolved in antici- 

 pation during the storms of March, the au- 

 thor gives " An Outline of the Garden," or a 

 discussion of its general arrangement, the 

 selection of plants, and the provision of 

 stock. Among the first objects to be looked 

 after are " the spring wild flowers," which 

 have been too much neglected heretofore, 

 but are beautiful, easily got, and (a great 

 many of them) easily cultivated. From the 

 attention given to the daffodil, we .judge it 

 to be a decided favorite with the author. 

 In successive chapters are discussed " The 

 Rock Garden," the " Summer Flowers," 

 " Two Garden Favorites " (the lily and the 

 rose), " Insect Visitors," " Hardy Shrubs 

 and Climbers," flowers " In and Out of the 

 Garden," " The Hardy Fernery," " Midsum- 

 mer Flowers and Midsummer Voices," 

 " Flowers and Fruits of Autumn," and the 

 "Last Monk's-hood Spire," the variegated 

 colors and the poetry of the closing season. 

 Nearly all the plants referred to are such 

 as may be successfully grown in the lower 

 lake region, and have for the most part 

 come under notice in the author's garden. 



History of Higher Education in Sooth 

 Carolina, with a Sketch of the Free 

 School System. By Ogden Meriwether. 

 Pp. 247. — Education in Georgia. By 

 Charles Edgeworth Jones. Pp. 154. — 

 History of Education in Florida. By 

 George Gary Bush. Pp. 64. — Higher 

 Education in Wisconsin. By William 

 F. Allen and David E. Spencer. Pp. 

 68. Washington: Government Printing- 

 office. 



These monographs constitute numbers 

 4, 5, 6, and 7 of the series of " Contribu- 

 tions to American Educational History," 

 which the United States Bureau of Educa- 

 tion is publishing, under the editorial super- 

 vision of Prof. Herbert B. Adams, in its 

 " Circulars of Information." In the first 

 paper of the group, South Carolina is 

 shown to have been active at a very early 

 period in promoting the mental development 

 of its youth. Schools were founded and 

 maintained by the State government and by 

 private and charitable aid ; and youth were 

 sent to England to school, who on their re- 

 turn gave new impetus to the movement. 

 The tardiness of the growth of colleges gave 

 occasion for the development of a good sys- 



tem of academies, and training schools were 

 brought within the reach of all. The first 

 college was founded in 1785. At present, 

 every religious denomination of any strength 

 in the State is represented by its college, and 

 attendance at most of the institutions is 

 gradually increasing. In the main, they 

 " follow the average college course, but, 

 owing to want of funds, they can not offer 

 many electives." The strongest and most 

 famous institution is South Carolina College, 

 which had as its president for fourteen 

 years Thomas Cooper — a rash predecessor 

 of Huxley and the evolutionists in the 

 scientifico-religious discussion — and Francis 

 Lieber as a professor for twenty years. 

 Both of these eminent men were strong in 

 political science, and under their influence 

 the college gained a high reputation as a 

 center for the study of that and correlated 

 branches. The instruction of the negro 

 population was well attended to during the 

 earlier part of the history, and until, in 

 1834, an act was passed forbidding them to 

 be taught. An entire change has come 

 over the educational aspect since the war, 

 of which due notice is taken in the history. 

 Mr. Jones begins his sketch of " Education 

 in Georgia " with notices of the schools that 

 existed during the colonial epoch ; then tells 

 of the formation and conduct of academies 

 after the Revolutionary War ; and continues 

 with a review of the elementary education 

 afforded in the rural schools, an account of 

 the " poor-school system," its rise, develep- 

 ment, and decay ; and a history of the be- 

 ginnings of the general system of schools 

 for whites, the application of which was in- 

 terrupted by the war. The thread of the 

 history is resumed after the war, and the 

 present condition of the schools and colleges 

 is described. Technological education has 

 been made prominent, with results that are 

 declared very satisfactory, at Emory Col- 

 lege ; the industrial department at Clark 

 University is highly organized ; and special 

 emphasis is laid on the industrial education 

 afforded at Atlanta University. Morris- 

 Brown College, with two hundred and eleven 

 pupils, is wholly under the charge of colored 

 people. Mr. Bush's essay does not treat of 

 the higher education alone in Florida, but 

 sets forth in addition the growth and develop- 

 ment of the school system of the State. It 



