208 THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



* 



jected to the general law of sexual union. Among several thousand 

 artemiaa studied by me, I have not found a single well-defined male 

 individual. The distinguished Genevan naturalist, Carl Yogt, said, the 

 other day, that he had had the like experience. Hence we may con- 

 clude that the artemia of our salt-marshes perpetuates its kind by 

 means of virgin females, whose eggs, although deprived of seminal 

 impregnation, are developed in an incubatory sac situated at the base 

 of the maternal abdomen. These produce young artemise, which have 

 to undergo amazing metamorphoses before they arrive at a complete 

 resemblance to their parent. The name of parthenogenesis has been 

 bestowed on this singular mode of reproduction by virgin females, 

 independently of commerce with males ; oftentimes, the latter do not 

 exist at all, or at least are as yet unknown. In conclusion, we would 

 remark that the eggs of our virgin artemia produce only females, while 

 the unfecundated eggs of the queen-bee produce males, and males 

 only. — La Nature. 



■♦•»■ 



THE REQUIREMENTS OF SCIENTIFIC EDUCATION. 1 



By Pbof. R. W. RAYMOND. 



THERE is danger that, in our new-born zeal for scientific educa- 

 tion, we may sacrifice the interests of a truly liberal culture, 

 producing, as I have said, a generation of specialists, incapable of 

 appreciating the departments of human thought which lie outside their 

 own, or even of rising within their own departments to broad and 

 comprehensive views. We must not use the microscope till we spoil 

 the eyes. We must not overtrain the investigator until he becomes 

 less than a full man. The chemists, geologists, and engineers, must 

 not cease to be intelligent and active citizens. It may be demonstrated 

 that such a mistaken neglect of studies outside the range of a chosen 

 profession cripples activity and impairs success even in that profession. 

 It is one result of the brotherhood of knowledge that no man, whether 

 employed in the original investigation of Nature, or in the application 

 of natural laws to practical ends, can advance successfully without 

 perpetual communication of his thoughts to others, and the reception 

 of their suggestions and experiences in return. Hence the mastery of 

 language, which was the first condition of civilization, remains the 

 essential condition of progress. The power to comprehend statements, 

 logical arguments, and demonstrations, and to make such statements 

 as may be comprehended by others, and will carry weight and influ- 

 ence in the very perfection of their form, is a vitally important part 



1 Extract from the Inaugural Address at the dedication of Pardee Hall, of Lafayette 

 College, Easton, Pa., by Kossiter W. Raymond, President of the American Institute of 

 Mining Engineers. 



