76 NOTES OX THE SYMBOLISM OF THE 



this world, one can look down upon the gleaming yellow 

 roofs, the soft rose red walls of that enclosure where dwelt 

 the Son of Heaven, who governed his Domain by a system 

 that glorified not the Strong Man — the Man of Force, but 

 the Strong Man — the Man of Virtue. A Ruler whose people 

 have made their National Hero, who have taken as their 

 pattern not the Man of War, but the Man of Peace 

 Confucius, the Sage Kung Fu Tzu f L ^ -J- . Him they have 

 raised and made equal to Heaven and Earth, it was Con- 

 fucius who said : ; 



People despotically governed and kept in order by punish- 

 ments may avoid infraction of the law, but they will lose their 

 moral sense. People virtuously governed and kept in order by 

 the inner law of self-control will retain their moral sense, and 

 moreover become good. (See "Sayings of Confucius". Wisdom 

 of the East series. Lionel Giles). 



Another of whose Sages, Mencius, Meng Tzu i£ J- disci- 

 ple of the Master, when asked by Ching Ch'un for the defini- 

 tion of a great man replied : ' 



To- live in the wide dwelling-place of the World, to stand 

 in the correct rank of the World, to walk on the great highway of 

 the World ; when he obtains his desire for office, to practice his 

 principles for the good of the people ; and when that desire is 

 disappointed, to practice them alcne ; not to be dissipated by 

 riches and honours, not to be swerved from principle by poverty 

 and mean circumstances ; not to cringe to power and force : — 

 these are the characteristics of the great man. 



A people whose best-loved poet Li T'ai-po & ;fc fi in 

 describing War wrote : 3 



In savage attack they die — fighting without arms, in locked 



embrace ; 

 The riderless horses scream with terror, throwing their heads up 



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