55§ 



THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



in four periods — the period of preparation, 

 ending about a. d. 1400, of which Chaucer is 

 the principal representative ; the period of 

 Italian influence (The Kevival of Learning 

 and the Puritan in Literature), 1400 to 1600, 

 represented by Spenser, Bacon, Milton, the 

 Elizabethans and the Puritans ; the period of 

 French influence, 1660 toaboutl750, of which 

 Dryden, Addison and the eighteenth century 

 essays, and Pope are the most conspicuous 

 examples : and the modern English period, 

 including the earlier writers of this century 

 and recent writers to Browning and Tenny- 

 son. In the appendix are a Literary Map of 

 England, a list of authors to accompany the 

 map, a Chaucer glossary, and an index. 



The Naturalist on the Riter Amazons. 

 By Henry Walter Bates, with a Mem- 

 oir of the Author by Edward Clodd. 

 New York : D. Appleton & Co. Pp. 395. 



We have already, in our biographical 

 sketch of Mr. Bates, borne testimony to the 

 value of his work on the Amazons, and to 

 the value and interest of this book, and now 

 speak of the peculiar features of the present 

 edition. It is a reprint of the original una- 

 bridged edition, with a map and illustrations, 

 including a double colored plate of butterflies 

 to illustrate the theory of mimicry. The de- 

 scription of the book in the subtitle as A 

 Becord of Adventures, Habits of Animals, 

 Sketches of Brazilian and Indian Life, and 

 Aspects of Nature under the Equator, during 

 Eleven Years of Travel, shows how compre- 

 hensive and varied it is. The memoir, by Mr. 

 Edward Clodd, a near personal friend, who 

 had more than an editor's interest in com- 

 posing the tribute, has been enriched by let- 

 ters furnished by Sir Joseph Hooker and Mr. 

 Francis Darwin, with letters from Sir Joseph 

 Hooker and the elder Darwin to Mr. Bates. 



A Treatise on Public Health and its Ap- 

 plications in Different European Coun- 

 tries. By Albert Palmberg. New York: 

 Macmillan & Co. Pp. 539. Price, $5. 



The author is a health officer, and is ac- 

 tive in movements in behalf of public health 

 in Finland. The present edition of his work 

 is a translation from the French original, 

 made at his request by Dr. Arthur News- 

 holme, of Brighton, who has also brought 

 up to date and completed the chapter on 

 England, and summarized the recent legisla- 



tion. The treatise is based on the practice 

 in different countries. An analysis of the 

 part relating to England will illustrate the 

 plan and scope of the whole. The first 

 chapter gives a general review of the sani- 

 tary administration, with accounts of the 

 local government board, local sanitary dis- 

 tricts, and local boards of health, duties of 

 the several health officers, statistical tables, 

 and the daily progress in an urban sanitary 

 office. The next chapter comprises a sum- 

 mary of sanitary legislation as embodied in 

 the Public Health Act of 18*75 — referring to 

 drainage, utilization of sewage, privies and 

 water-closets, sweeping and cleansing of 

 streets, courts, and houses, water supply, 

 common lodging houses, nuisances, offensive 

 trades, etc., through many particulars pro- 

 vided for in the law named and in other sani- 

 tary laws. In a third chapter sanitary regula- 

 tions are described with similar detail. The 

 two following chapters are given to the sani- 

 tary conditions, administration, and regula- 

 tions of London. The account is there ex- 

 tended to include other countries and their 

 principal cities — Scotland and Edinburgh, 

 Belgium and Brussels, Austria and Vienna, 

 Sweden and Stockholm, and Finland and 

 Helsingfors. These extracts are followed 

 by statistics showing the importance of pub- 

 lic hygiene. The book is rich in descriptions 

 and illustrations of sanitary appliances^mod- 

 ern and practical. The author has confined 

 his accounts to countries whose methods he 

 has seen and studied personally on the spot. 



The Philosophy of Individuality. By An- 

 toinette Brown Blackwell. New York : 

 G. P. Putnam's Sons. Pp. 617. Price, 



$3. 



This work or essay is characterized by the 

 author as " a revised, a broadened, a more full 

 attempt at verification of a system of thoughts 

 less matured in the author's former works, 

 Studies in General Science, and the Physical 

 Basis of Immortality." Its position is that 

 " the character of every perception and of 

 every cognition, and of every mental act of all 

 kinds is dependent in definite degrees upon 

 each and all of the co-operating factors, psy- 

 chical and physical, which together make up 

 the entire process of every act in which the 

 sensibility is consciously concerned. In other 

 words, all change, all action (change and 



