754 



THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 



except with reference to their custom of wearing the large and 

 broad lip and ear ornaments shown in the accompanying illustra- 

 tions. Several travelers in Bra- 

 zil have given figures of Indi- 

 ans using such ornaments, not- 

 ably Spix and Von Martius, 

 Maximilien Wied - Neuwied, 

 Hartt, Jean de Lery, Bigg- 

 Wither, and Von Tschudi. It 

 may be said of the illustrations 

 given by those writers, how- 

 ever, that they, without excep- 

 tion, fail to give the character- 

 istic features and expressions 

 of the Botocudus, or, for that 

 matter, of any Indians. Those 

 used in the present article, on 

 the other hand, have been care- 

 fully drawn from photographs 

 made a few years ago by M. 

 Marc Ferrez, photographer to 

 the Imperial Geological Sur- 

 vey of Brazil, and may be relied upon for their accuracy. The 

 subjects chosen for the photo- 

 graphs were selected with a view 

 to securing the best types that 

 could be had, but it should be 

 remembered that the Botocudus 

 of to-day are rapidly approach- 

 ing extinction, and that their 

 customs are probably modified 

 to a considerable extent since 

 the visit of Spix and Von Mar- 

 tius, which was made in 1817 to 

 1820.* 



The custom of wearing the 

 lip and ear ornaments is a very 

 ancient one among the Botocu- 

 dus, for the earliest travelers 

 found it in vogue when the con- 

 tinent was discovered. Hans - „ t> w •«. w «. r 



Fig. 2. — Botocudd Woman, with both lip 

 Stade, who lived among the Ay- and car ornaments of average size. 



Fig. 1. — BoTocuDtr Woman. The flesh band ot 

 the lip has been broken and the ends tied 

 together with a piece of bark, that the lip 

 ornament may be used. An opening has 

 been made in the ear lobe, but it is not of 

 the customary size. 



^7fflT 



* Rum has much to do with the wiping out of the native Indians of Brazil. The 

 whites, especially the original settlers of the country, treated them without pity, enslaving 

 them and killing them upon the slightest provocation or with no provocation whatever. 



