THE PROGRESS OF PSYCHOLOGY. 785 



great influence on the future of the race. If we determine what 

 traits are valuable, and how these can he developed by suitable 

 marriage, and made universal by early marriage, we may hope 

 for practical results of immense importance. By the development 

 of a code of honor, or by direct encouragement of the parents or 

 the State, degenerative tendencies could be eliminated, and valu- 

 able traits could be developed much more rapidly than occurs in 

 the slow course of natural selection. Mr. Galton has shown that 

 the offspring of early marriages will soon supplant the offspring 

 of later marriages. But as things go at present the thoughtless 

 and criminal are apt to have offspring early, while the reliant 

 and mentally endowed postpone marriage until a long course of 

 education is accomplished and a social position is secured. 



It is not necessary to dwell on other applications of psychol- 

 ogy. Its relation to the fine arts is evident. The external form 

 of art is directly fitted to the senses and its inner essence to the 

 mind. In political economy we need to know more concerning 

 the interest, passions, and needs Of the people. Ultimately, we 

 shall be able to determine what distribution of labor, wealth, and 

 power is the best. Indeed, the measurements and statistics of 

 psychology, which at first sight may seem remote from common 

 interests, may in the end become the most important factor in the 

 progress of society. The whole course of life will move forward 

 in straighter and broader channels when we no longer depend 

 on instincts developed by the beast and savage, but on knowledge 

 and reason guiding to an end. 



De. Baumanu, in his recent journey in countries north of Lake Tanganyika, 

 discovered the source of the Kagera or Ruvuvu River in about latitude 3° south, 

 in a lofty range of mountains known as the Mountains of the Moon. The Warun- 

 di — whose ancient kings bore the title of Mwezi (Moon), and who looked upon 

 Dr. Baumann as one of their descendants just returned from the moon, and con- 

 sequently received him with noisy demonstrations expressive of their joy — look 

 upon this spot as sacred. Within a wood close by they used to celebrate the 

 funeral rites of their kings, whom they buried on the top of a mountain rising 

 above the Mountains of the Moon. 



De. D. G. Bbixton has made a study of the Song of the Arval Brethren, a 

 priestly sodality of ancient Rome, of presumed Etruscan origin, which was sung 

 at their annual festival, and has found in it the name of a divinity which is also a 

 divine name among the Libyan tribes of northern Africa, and is perhaps the root 

 of the name of those (the Berber) tribes. This hint of connection between the 

 Etruscans and these peoples is supported by the discovery of the name of "a man 

 of the Tursha " at Gurob, near the Libyan boundary of Egypt, and of an Etruscan 

 ritual book in the same region. The stem Adur, equivalent with that of Tur in 

 Tursha, and with Etrur in Etruria, occurs also in the name Adurmachides— the 

 fighting Adurs — given by Herodotus to a tribe living in the same region." 

 vol. xliii. — 57 



