588 TEE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTELY 



to-day in its greatest purity only in Scandinavia, in northwestern Ger- 

 many and in England. 3 Its chief physical characteristics are blond 

 hair, a fair complexion, tall stature and especially a distinctly dolicho- 

 cephalic shape of the head. Now as Eipley justly remarks, 4 this long- 

 headedness does not ipso facto imply a strong character, or superior 

 mental power. The negroes, the Spaniards, the Sicilians are dolicho- 

 cephalic without showing any intellectual superiority. 5 But this par- 

 ticular long-headed northern race excelled and still excels by great 

 mental qualities. It is the dominating race of modern times. It forms 

 the ruling and predominating element in the three most powerful na- 

 tions of the present day, England, Germany and the United States. 

 Through the Anglo-Saxons, its most vigorous branch, it carried Euro- 

 pean civilization to the uttermost parts of the earth. The higher 

 classes and the dynasties of the modern European nations belong to this 

 northern race. Lapouge found that most of the great Frenchmen are 

 of this type and are the descendants of the early Teutonic invaders. 6 

 The majority of the great Italians who, during the Eenaissance, made 

 northern Italy the most enlightened country in the world, were the 

 descendants of the northern conquerors, who during the great migra- 

 tion settled in that part of Europe. 7 Likewise a close inquiry would 

 probably show that the great thinkers and writers of middle and south- 

 ern Germany, where the brachycephalic Alpine race forms the bulk of 

 the population, are the descendants of the long-headed Teutons who 

 settled among them. These northern peoples surpass all others in vigor, 

 energy and self-control; they are aristocratic in their nature, domineer- 

 ing, oppressive to inferior races; but they are liberty-loving, have an 

 innate love for law and order, and are above all other races capable of 

 self-government ; and it is certainly not accidental that all the branches 

 of this race are protestants. 



It is of descendants of this long-headed northern race that the 

 great majority of the agricultural population of the United States is 

 made up, and it is its very best elements that settled the American states. 

 The people that founded the thirteen colonies belonged to the most 

 energetic and most independent elements of old England. Only men 

 of an - indomitable courage and superior intellect would dare to brave 

 the dangers of a distant and unknown country. Many left their homes 



3 Green, in his " History of the English People," holds that the Saxon 

 invaders almost entirely destroyed or drove out the Celto-Roman inhabitants, 

 and the ethnographical study of the modern English people certainly sustains 

 him. 



4 Ripley, "Races of Europe," New York, 1899, 43. 



5 Some of the greatest men of history were brachycephalic. The hats of 

 Napoleon I., which are still preserved, are almost circular. 



"Rev. d'anthrop., Paris, 1887, XVI., 76. 



7 Woltman, Polit.-anthrop. Rev., Leipzig, 1905-6, IV., 197, and 1906-7, 

 V., 244. 



