PRINCIPLES OF COLOR. 



31 



A very large number of pigments which are in general 

 use, but which are really superfluous, can be exactly imi- 

 tated by mixtures of those named in the foregoing list ; 

 for example : — 



The cochineal reds (crimson-lake, carmine, scarlet-lake, etc.), 

 by mixture of madder-carmine (or deep madder-lake) and scarlet- 

 vermilion, in proper proportion. 



Red-lead, Saturn-red, and orange-chrome, by combination of 

 scarlet-vermilion and orange-cadmium ; the colors thus pro- 

 duced being decidedly superior in working qualities to the pig- 

 ments they are intended to replace, while they are at least 

 equal in brilliancy. 



Purple-lake may be imitated by mixture of madder-carmine 

 and lamp-black. 



Dragon's-blood red, by light vermilion and lamp-black. 



Mars violet, by ultramarine blue (or Italian ultra) and light 

 vermilion. 



Burnt madder-lake, by madder-carmine and permanent blue. 



Purple (Schoenfeld's), by madder-carmine and Antwerp 

 blue. 



Madder-violet (Chenal's), by Antwerp blue and rose-madder. 



Eubens's madder, by madder-carmine and burnt sienna. 



Brown madder, by madder-carmine, burnt sienna, and sepia. 



Burnt carmine, by madder-carmine and lamp-black. 



Violet carmine, by madder-carmine, lamp-black, and Antwerp 

 blue. 



Dahlia carmine, by madder-carmine and lamp-black. 



Indigo, by Italian ultra or permanent blue and lamp-black. 



Middle cadmium, by orange-cadmium and pale cadmium. 



Olive-green (Schoenfeld's), by Italian ultra, lamp-black, pale 

 cadmium, and sepia. 



Olive-green (Winsor & Newton's), by Antwerp blue, aureolin, 

 lamp-black, and sepia. 



Dark aniline-blue and violet-ultramarine, by mixture of French 

 blue and madder-carmine. 



