Rocky Mountains. 69 



foot of the second bank rises a fine spring of water, which 

 has given name to the place. Cold Water creek, a very 

 small stream not navigable, discharges itself a few hundred 

 yards above ; in times of high water its mouth might afford 

 harbour to small boats. Before the recent change in the 

 bed of the Missouri, this creek entered higher up than at 

 present, and then afforded a good harbour for boats of all 

 sizes. The fifth regiment were encamped here at the time 

 of our arrival, waiting for the contractor's steam boats, 

 three of which we had passed at the mouth of the river. 



Here we found it necessary to adjust a tube to the boil- 

 ers of our steam engine, in order to form a passage, through 

 which the mud might be blown out : the method heretofore 

 adopted, of taking off one end, for the purpose of admitting 

 a man to clean them, proving too tedious, when it was found 

 necessary to repeat the operation daily. The expedient of 

 the tube succeeded to our entire satisfaction. 



Dr. Baldwin found here a plant, which he considered as 

 forming a new genus, approaching astragalus ; also the new 

 species of rose, pointed out by Mr. Bradbury, and by him call- 

 ed Rosa mutabilis. This last is a very beautiful species, rising 

 sometimes to the height of eight or ten feet. The linden tree* 

 attains great magnitude in the low grounds of the Missouri ; 

 its flowers were now fully expanded. 



In ascending from Bellefontain to Charboniere, where 

 we came to an anchor, on the evening of the 24th, we were 

 opposed by a very strong current, and much impeded by 

 sand-bars. On the upper ends of these sand-bars, are many 

 large rafts of drift wood ; these are also frequent along the 

 right hand shore. In several places we observed portions of 

 the bank, in the act of falling or sliding into the river. By 



* Tilia Americana. The Podalyria alba, anemoDe virginiana, poly- 

 gala incarnata (prairies) anagallis arvensis, lathyrus decaphyllus, ranun- 

 culus fluviatalis, carex multiflora. &c. were collected at Bellefontain. 



Dr. BnHwiri JUS. Notes, 



