160 Expedition to the 



pipes in security ; you have conducted yourselves badly, 

 but the whites will not harm the red-skins when they have 

 them thus in their power ; we fight in the plains, and scorn 

 to injure men seated peaceably by their fires. Think well 

 of what you will have to say to me in council to-morrow." 

 These assurances appeared to annul their present apprehen- 

 sions, and they proceeded to encamp. 



Three boats came from camp Missouri to take on board 

 a quantity of provisions which are stored here for the troops ; 

 we exchanged salutes with them. The noise of the artillery 

 excited the apprehensions of the Indians, who, being sensible 

 of having grossly offended the whites, now anticipated some 

 exemplary punishment, and were not at ease until reassured 

 of their safety, and the cause of the firing of such great guns 

 so near them, was explained. 



In the evening, accompanied by several gentlemen of the 

 party, we visited the camp of the Pawnees, whom we found 

 sitting round their fires smoking their pipes in silence. 

 Some were employed in making bows, having found plenty 

 of hickory, and hop horn beam wood here, which are not to be 

 procured in the vicinity of their villages. Their mules were 

 tied to trees, feeding on the bark of the cotton wood. The 

 three tribes were seated around different fires. We sat down 

 in the group of Grand Pawnees and smoked with their chief 

 Tar-ra-re-ca-wa-o or Long-hair. This is an hereditary chief, 

 of a lofty and rather haughty mein ; his mouth is, perhaps 

 through habit, drawn down a little at the corners. He has 

 the appearance and character of an intrepid man, although 

 not distinguished as a warrior, having, during his life, killed 

 but a single man, who was a Spaniard. He is, however, 

 artful and politic, and has performed some laudable actions. 

 The following anecdote may serve in part to illustrate the 

 more amiable traits of his character. Dorion, a Mestizo, 

 on a trading expedition had accumulated a considerable 

 quantity of peltry at the Pawnee republican village, when it 



