Botany and Zoology. 85 



ceedingly rich in representatives of this genus, in spite of the 

 fact that many large areas of, for instance, China and even Japan 

 are yet unexplored, and the extreme north-east is almost un- 

 known, save the collections brought home by Eschscholtz and 

 Kjellman. In looking over the vast material treated in the pres- 

 ent work, one notices readily that a number of very peculiar 

 types are characteristic of that part of the world ; there are, 

 indeed, several which are utterly unlike the ordinary types of 

 Garex : G. podogyna, for instance, possesses a utricle borne on 

 a pilose stipe, 4-8 mm in length ; in G. Nambuensis there are sev- 

 eral lateral androgynous spikes on long, filiform peduncles; 

 G. pachygyna has inflated, bladeless sheaths subtending globose, 

 pistillate inflorescences ; the leaves of G. capilliformis are numer- 

 ous, long and capillary ; in G. hakkodensis and 0. rhizopoda we 

 meet with types of very much the same habit and structure as 

 the singular G. lejocarpa and G. circinata y C. gentilis shows the 

 habit of the Jndicce Tuckm., while G. moupinensis reminds one 

 of a Scirpus or JRhyncospora rather than a Garex. Only two 

 dioecious species are known from eastern Asia: G. Redoioskiana 

 C. A. Mey. ( G. gynocrates Wormskj.) and G. grallatoria. Among 

 the monoecious we meet with the circumpolar G. rupestris, and 

 with G. pyrenaica, of which the latter shows a most singular 

 geographical distribution : Mountains of Middle- and South- 

 Europe, western Asia, New Zealand, Rocky Mountains of Col- 

 orado and Alaska. G. pauci flora and G. microglochin are, also, 

 represented in this Flora; G. incurva is reported from West 

 China, and is known besides from so remote localities as the 

 Arctic region, the Magellan strait, Himalaya, the coast and 

 higher mountains of Europe. The cosmopolitan G. vulgaris is 

 of course, included, besides some species which are very abundant 

 in Europe, as for instance : G. vesicaria, G. filiformis, C. Pseudo- 

 cyperus, G. Buxbaumii, etc. 



It appears, altogether, as if the genus in eastern Asia possesses 

 a number of species in common with other parts of the globe^ 

 and many that are not known from elsewhere. But in these special 

 types, special to eastern Asia, are several which actually repre- 

 sent forms analogous to those which inhabit other parts of the 

 world. There is a series of Microrhynchw, of Melananthce and 

 even of Dactylostachyce, which correspond very well with such 

 types as exist in Europe, Asia and America. It is this part 

 of the work, the geographical distribution in connection with the 

 characterization of the various types, so excellently done by 

 Franchet, which makes his treatise of the East Asiatic Garices 

 the most important and instructive in this line of studies, t. h. 



2. Systematische Anatomie der Dicotyledonen ; by H. Sole- 

 eeder. Stuttgart, 1899 — "Ergo species tot sunt, quot diverse© 

 formse seu structural plantarum, rejectis istis, quas locus vel casus 

 parum differentes (Varietates) exhibuit, hodienum occurrunt " — - 

 these words of Linnaeus may be well understood as an indication 

 of the importance of structural characters to systematic work in 



