Geology and Natural History. 473 



analyst has the proper skill and experience with which to use 

 them. The weight of criticism should be laid rather on the anal- 

 ysts than the methods. l. v. p. 



11. Hohlenhunde ; von W. von Knebel. Pp. 222, with plates 

 and figures, 8vo. Braunschweig, 1906 (Vieweg & Sohn). — The 

 author in this volume has brought together all of the various 

 facts, phenomena, and theories which concern the origin and 

 occurrence of caves and also of "karst" formation. The classi- 

 fication of caves, the different kinds of rocks in which they occur; 

 the influence of ground waters, as well as the subterranean, springs 

 and rivers with the life which they contain ; the deposits found 

 in them, the meteorological phenomena they exhibit; the influence 

 they have exerted on the development of civilization, are illustra- 

 tions of the variety of topics treated in this work. 



The subject matter has been handled in a broad and yet com- 

 prehensive manner, and the text is embellished by a considera- 

 ble number of excellent illustrations, which add to its value. 

 Although written in a somewhat popular style, wdrich thus makes 

 the work suitable for a wide circle of readers, it will, neverthe- 

 less, be found a useful adjunct to the library of the working 

 geologist and of the teacher. l. v. p. 



12. Coal Resources of Wyoming. — A preliminary report on 

 this subject by L. W. Trumbull is given in Bulletin No. 7 of 

 the School of Mines, Univ. of Wyoming, Laramie. The total pro- 

 duction of coal from the state for the year ending Sept. 30, 1905 

 was about five and one-half million tons. 



13. Over de JBetrekking van het Bekken der Anthropoiden tot 

 dat van den Mevsch ;■ door Jan van der Hoeven Leon- 

 hard. 103 pages, 1 plate and 1 table. Amsterdam, 1905 (C. L. 

 Petersen). — That a change in the habitual posture would affect 

 the statical relations existing between one part of the skeleton 

 and another, might be assumed as a matter of course. It is also 

 well known that luxatio coxae, for example, can bring about cer- 

 tain modifications of the bone, independent of disease. It may 

 therefore be asked what would happen if the pelvis, for any cause 

 whatsoever, should change its static relations to other parts of 

 the skeleton ; and these changed relations should take place with 

 a change of posture ? 



The author has taken pelvic measurements on all anthropoid 

 skeletons in Holland. In order to arrive at a more exact compari- 

 son with the human pelvis, he multiplied the measures of each 

 pelvis by the quotient arising from dividing the length of the 

 anthropoid vertebral column in question by the average length of 

 the human pelvis. Through this reduction the natural relation 

 of all the parts to each other is said to be retained. 



Supposing that the ancestors of man resembled the anthropoids, 

 the ancestral type of pelvis would have to undergo certain trans- 

 formations in its transition to the present type, owing to the fact 

 that the weight of the body and the counter-pressure of the 



Am. Jour. Sci. — Fourth Series, Vol. XXI, No. 126.— June, 1906. 

 33 



