of Eastern Pennsylvania. 217 



Professor I. C. White in eastern Pennsylvania. In describing 

 this exposure Professor White said: "Along the county road, 

 about one-half mile below Spragueville, the Chemung rocks 

 are seen in cliffs of gray, fine-grained sandstone, quite fossil- 

 iferous /"* and in his account of the geologic formations he 

 further stated that "It was impossible to identify any of the 

 beds between the base of the (Jatskill and the top of the Ham- 

 ilton with the Portage series of other portions of Pennsyl- 

 vania, either on lithological or palseontological grounds, and 

 hence I have applied the name Chemung to the entire interval, 

 preferring to regard the Portage series as absent from this 

 district."! Several reasons are given for this correlation, that 

 of first importance being "The occurrence of characteristic 

 Chemung fossils throughout the entire interval.":}: Later, in 

 describing the geology of the Susquehanna river region, Pro- 

 fessor White stated that probably the beds in the lower part 

 of the Chemung " are the equivalents of the Portage heels in 

 New York ;"§ and in a letter dated February 22, 1892, empha- 

 sizes the fact that he wishes the above statement to apply to 

 Monroe and Pike counties, and that the lower part of the ter- 

 rane called Chemung in those counties corresponds to the 

 Portage of New York. 



The fauna of this formation is not characteristic of the Che- 

 mung stage of southern central and western New York, or 

 even of the highest fossiliferous pre Carboniferous rocks of 

 southern Pennsylvania and western Maryland. On the con- 

 trary it is a modified Hamilton fauna, similar to the faunas 

 that occur in central and eastern New York in the Portage, 

 especially after the Tully limestone and Genesee shale have 

 disappeared. It hardly seems to be so late as the " Ithaca 

 group," but rather approaches the earlier modified stages of 

 the Hamilton fauna, as possibly the Paracyclas lirata stage of 

 Professor H. S. Williams, which is found well developed 

 above the horizon of the Genesee shale at Oneonta and Nor- 

 wich in central New York.| 



It is true that Spirifera disjuncta Sow. is reported from 

 this formation ;^[ and if the specimens were correctly identi- 



*G 6 , p. 272. \Ibid., p 104. % Ibid, p. 10-4. 



§ G 7 . 1 883, p. 68 ; and see pp. 70 and 228 for similar statements. 



|| See Prof. H. S. Williams, Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci.. vol. xxxiv. p. 225 and 

 chart; and Prosser. ibid., vol. xxxvi. p. 210. This fauna characterized the 

 Oneonta group of Conrad (not Vanuxem, who applied the same name to the over- 

 lying gray and red sandstones and shales) which was composed of bluish shales 

 with some sandstones and abundantly fossiliferous. The zone is well exposed in 

 the quarry at the foot of the hill west of Oneonta, at Norwich in the quarry 

 near the reservoir, and in the lower part of the high hill west of the village. 

 For Conrad's description of the "group" see Ann. Geol. llept.. N. Y. 1841, pp. 

 30, 31, 50, 53. 



^[G 6 , p. 105. 



