212 Phel/ps and Hubbard — Use of Succinic Acid. 



pliuric acid in a desiccator this weight remained unchanged. 

 By this procedure the purest succinic acid melting in an open 

 capillary tube at 182° - 3 C. was obtained. 



For the preparation of the acid from succinic anhydride the 

 anhydride was purified by recrystallizing from absolute alcohol 

 until the crystals obtained after carefully drying melted sharply 

 at 119° C. The pure anhydride obtained in this manner 

 was. converted to the acid by dissolving it in distilled water 

 heated to the boiling point, filtering off the crystals formed on 

 cooling the solution, and drying. It was found that these 

 crystals, as in the case of the succinic acid crystals described 

 above, came to constant weight when dried in the air, and that 

 this weight remained unchanged when the product was allowed 

 to stand in a desiccator over sulphuric acid. Samples made in 

 this way melted at 182°-8 C. in an open capillary tube. 



Preparations of succinic acid were made from the acid of 

 commerce by dissolving the latter in distilled water at the boil- 

 ing point, crystallizing by cooling and drying in the air. No 

 loss in weight was found when the air-dried material was 

 exposed in the desiccator. It melted in an open capillary tube 

 at 181°-7 C. 



The acid was also made by dissolving the succinic acid of 

 commerce in boiling water, adding nitric acid, crystallizing, 

 and drying the crystals thus obtained. In this manner a prod- 

 uct of a slightly higher degree of purity was obtained than 

 that crystallized from water. This product melted in an open 

 capillary tube 1S2°'3 C. 



Table I. 

 HC1 corresponding to Succinic Acid 





Succinic Acid 



"Found 



Theory 



Error 



No. 



grm. 



grm. 



grm. 



grm. 



( 1) 



0-2000 



0-1231 



0-1235 



0-0004 — 



( 2) 



0-2000 



0-1231 



0-1235 



0-0004 — 



( 3) 



0-2000 



0-1231 



0-1235 



0-0004 — 



( *) 



0-2000 



0-1231 



0-1235 



00004 — 



( 5) 



0-2000 



0-1231 



0-1235 



0-0004 — 



( 6) 



0-2000 



0-1231 



0-1235 



0-0004 — 



( 7) 



0-2000 



0-1233 



0-1235 



0-0002 — 



( 8) 



0-2000 



0-1233 



0-1235 



0-0002 — 



( 9) 



0-2000 



0-1231 



0-1235 



0-0004 — 



(10) 



0-2000 



0-1233 



0-1235 



0-0002 — 



(U) 



0-2000 



0-1234 



0-1235 



o-oooi — 



(12) 



0-2000 



0-1234 



0-1235 



o-oooi — 



(13) 



0'2000 



0-1235 



0-1235 



o-oooo± 



(14) 



0-2000 



0-1235 



0-1235 



o-oooo± 



(15) 



0-2000 



0-1235 



0-1235 



o-oooo± 



(16) 



0-2000 



0-1235 



0-1235 



o-oooo± 



