THE 



AMERICAN JOURNALOFSCIENCE 



[FOURTH SERIES.] 



Art. XXIII. — Some Topographic Features Formed at the 

 Time of Earthquakes and the Origin of Mounds in the 

 Gulf Plain • by Wm. H. Hobbs. 



About two years ago a symposium seems to have been 

 started upon the origin of the mounds of the Lower Missis- 

 sippi and the Gulf Plain. To this discussion no less than nine 

 persons have contributed in Science,* besides which there have 

 appeared in other journals a number of special articles and 

 references to the subject. f The latest contributor, Mr. M. R. 

 Campbell, seems disposed to class together low mounds from 



* A. C. Veatch, The question of the origin of the natural mounds of 

 Louisiana, Science, 1ST. S., vol. xxi, No. 581 (March, 1905), pp. 850-351 ; 

 J. C. Branner, Natural mounds or " Hog-wallows," ibid., vol. xxi, No. 585 

 (March. 1905), pp. 514-516; E. W. Hilgard, The prairie mounds of Louisiana, 

 ibid., No. 536 (April, 1905), pp. 551-552 ; W. J. Spillman, Natural mounds, 

 ibid., No. 588 (April, 1905), p. 682; A. H. Purdue. Concerning the natural 

 mounds, ibid., No. 543 (May, 1905), pp. 823-824 ; D. I. Bushnell, Jr., The 

 small mounds of the United States, ibid., vol. xxii, No. 570 (Dec, 1905), pp. 

 712-714 ; A. C. Veatch, On the human origin of the small mounds of the 

 Lower Mississippi Valley and Texas, ibid., vol. xxiii, No. 575 (Jan. 1906), 

 pp. 34-36 ; E. J. Farnsworth, On the origin of the small mounds of the Lower 

 Mississippi Valley and Texas, ibid., No. 589 (April, 1906), pp. 583-584; 

 E. T. Hill, On the origin of the small mounds of the Lower Mississippi 

 Valley and Texas, ibid., No. 592 (May, 1906), pp. 704-706; J. A. Udden, 

 The origin of the small sand mounds in the Gulf Coast country, ibid., No. 

 596, pp. 849-851. 



f E. M. Shepard, The New Madrid earthquake, Jour. Geol., vol. xiii, 1905, 

 pp. 51-60 ; N. M. Fenneman, Oil fields of the Texas-Louisiana Gulf Coastal 

 Plain, Bui. No. 282, U. S. Geol. Surv. 1906, pp. 124; A. C. Veatch, Geology 

 and underground water resources of northern Louisiana and southern Arkan- 

 sas, Prof. Pap. No. 46, U. S. Geol., Surv., 1906, pp. 55-59; M. E. Campbell, 

 Natural mounds, Jour. Geol., vol. xiv, 1906, pp. 708-717. 



Am. Jour. Sci.— Fourth Series, Vol. XXIII, No. 136. — April, 1907. 

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