426 T. Holm — Studies in the Cyperacece. 



centrales''' of Vignea and of Cavices genuince. Mazel observed 

 in these that the stomata were superficial in 21 species from 

 woods and hills and in 4 from bogs ; moreover that the stomata 

 were sunk or protected by papillae in 5 species from woods 

 and hills, in S from bogs. 



The species treated by Mazel belonged to many different 

 greges, thus illustrating the same fact as observed in the lower 

 types, described above, that the position of stomata indicates no 

 special environment, at least not in the present genus. 



If the question be asked, whether it may be possible to de- 

 tect some certain degree of relationship among the Carices by 

 means of the anatomical structure, we must answer in the neg- 

 ative. But we must state, at the same time, that the number 

 of species examined is yet too small to enable us to reach any 

 decisive conclusion. In the material which we have examined, 

 comprising types of the various greges and including lesser 

 and higher developed forms, it has appeared to us, so far, that 

 the structure is too uniform in general for connecting the spe- 

 cies in greges by means of their internal structure. In some 

 greges such classification may seem possible, but in others we 

 have met with very serious difficulties. 



Carex holostoma Drej. 



This peculiar and rare species was discovered by Vahl on 

 the west coast of Greenland, and described by Drejer.* The 

 original diagnosis reads as follows : Spicis binis ternisve, ter- 

 minali mascula reliquis breviore vel deficiente, femineis duabus 

 elongatis laxifloris subsequialtis, perigyniis subgloboso-ovalibus 

 lasvibus rostro brevissimo integerrimo, squamis ovatis obtusis 

 perigynio brevioribus, stigmatibus ternis." By Drejer the 

 species was considered a near ally of G. al/pina Sw. and identi- 

 cal with Wahlenberg's variety inferalpina\ Blytt, however, 

 retained inferalpina as a variety of G. alpina and as being 

 very distinct from G. holostoma. As stated above, C. holostoma 

 occurs in Greenland, and has, so far, only been found in a few 

 localities between 68° 21/ and 72° 20' K L. on the west coast. 

 Since then it has, also, been found in Finmark : " Gakkovarre, 

 convallis Reisendal in regione Salicina " by Arnell and Blytt 

 (Aug. 1891). It grows in wet places, and was found, for 

 instance, by the writer near Christianshaab (Greenland) in a 

 Polytrichicm-\>og associated with C. alpina, capillaris, rari- 

 flora and stans. 



A similar view was held by Lange,f who placed the species 

 between G. alpina and atrata in a section with : spicse invicem 



*Revisio Caricum borealiura in terris sub imperio Danico jacentibus 

 inventarum (Naturhist. Tidsskr. Kjobenkaven, 1841, vol. 3). 



f Conspectus Floras Groenlandicse (Medd. om Gronland. Part 3. Kjo- 

 benbavn, 1880, p. 139). 



