430 T. Holm — Studies in the Cyperacece. 



walled cells inside epidermis ; they are stereids, but are rather 

 short and with the cross-walls horizontal, not oblique as in 

 typical cells of this tissue. Inside the stereids are about twelve 

 layers of cortex, which are collapsed tangentially ; the cells are 

 moderately thickened and contain starch. Endodermis is heavily 

 thickened as a U-endodermis ; the thin-walled pericambium is 

 interrupted by all the protohadrome-vessels, ten in all. The 

 hadromatic rays are very short, each consisting only of two 

 vessels, alternating with very small strands of leptome. The 

 center of the stele is occupied by a large mass of thick-walled 

 conjunctive tissue. 



Characteristic of the root is, thus, the strong development of 

 the stereids, which extend to epidermis ; thus no hypoderm, in 

 the stricter sense of the word, is observable. 



The culm. 



The sharply triangular culm is scabrous from numerous, 

 obtuse papillse, and solid. The structure agrees well with that 

 of the former species, but the cortex is more open on account 

 of the larger lacunes, and the stereome is better developed, 

 forming broad arches on the hadrome-side bordering on the 

 pith, while it is not represented as isolated strands in the three 

 angles of the stem as observed in C. holostoma. 



The leaf. 



The green leaves are flat, scabrous on the dorsal face, but 

 glabrous on the ventral. The bulliform cells occur here in two 

 strata above the midrib, but otherwise the epidermis shows the 

 same structure as described above. The chlorenchyma consists 

 of more oblong cells and those on the ventral face represent 

 almost typical palisades ; wide lacunes traverse the chloren- 

 chyma between the veins. In regard to the stereome this tissue 

 is better developed in this species than in C. holostoma, and 

 especially on the hadrome-side. 



The perigynium. 



The perigynium differs from that of the former species by 

 being stipitate, ovate-elliptical and provided with a short beak, 

 which is more or less distinctly emarginate. The outer epider- 

 mis (tig. 12) is thick-walled, but not papillose. The chloren- 

 chyma agrees with that of C. holostoma and contains only two 

 mestome-strands, surrounded by a parenchyma- and a mestome- 

 sheath, both of which are clearly differentiated. Thin strands 

 of stereome accompany the veins, besides that there are a few, 

 about two, isolated strands between these. 



