Carney — Possible Overflow Channel of P onded Waters. 221 



are considering are approximately 30 miles north of Horseheads. 

 Consequently a correction of about 80 feet must be applied ; 

 this makes the intake of channel No. 2 930 feet, an altitude 

 that includes a stream gradient of thirty feet ; the measurement 

 made in the field was about 40 feet for the slope of this over- 

 flow stream, but there is opportunity for some misapprehension 

 through post-glacial erosion. The corrected reading for the 

 intake of channel No. 1 is 1000 feet. 



Correlation of Channels. 



JVo. 2. — The north wall of this channel consists apparently 

 of submarginal ice deposits ; kame material characterizes the 

 drift for a mile northward. No evidence of a waterway 

 between this outlet and the Newberry level has been found. 

 Obviously this channel represents the last position of the ice- 

 front preceding the retreat that brought about the coalescence 

 of the ponded bodies in Seneca and Keuka valleys. 



JVo. 1. — -This channel, if associated with Lake Newberry, 

 must have dropped 1 00 feet in a distance of about two and 

 one-half miles ; this estimate is based on the altitude of rock 

 to the east near Plum Point Creek after making the correction 

 for land warping. The presence of moraine extending southeast- 

 ward from the vicinity of the channel is suggested by the topo- 

 graphic map ; the trend of this moraine indicates the tapering 

 outline of the ice-lobe in Seneca valley. The northern portion 

 of the outlier produced by the cutting of this channel through 

 the salient of rock is covered by drift which marks the vertex 

 of the reentrant angle between the lobes that occupied these 

 adjacent valleys ; the lobe in Keuka valley, however, was much 

 the shorter, judging from the trend of the lateral moraine 

 developed along the ice-front which appears to have had an 

 east-west direction as far as Second Milo. With this relation 

 of ice-lobes and valley walls it is probable that the outlet 

 stream skirted the ice-margin, or the drift deposits accumulat- 

 ing along this margin, taking the course indicated by the head- 

 water segment of Plum Point Creek. Under this hypothesis, 

 during the early stage, as the stream turned more to the south 

 it apparently was crowded by the ice, and in consequence 

 produced the cliff-like slope one and one-half miles directly 

 west of Himrod. A slight withdrawal of the ice would allow 

 the stream to broaden ; no evidence of an incised channel east 

 of the initial cut, or of terracing against the drift, was found. 



This outlet stream even in its short course should have 

 acquired a considerable load since it had a sharp gradient and 

 was flowing along accumulating moraine. Its point of 

 debouchure into Lake Newberry would be marked by a delta ; 

 at Himrod is a conspicuous delta ; this delta, however, can not 

 be connected with the stream in question, because when the 



