240 G. D. Hubbard — Ancient Finger Lakes in Ohio. 



map were finished it would probably be possible to give a better 

 account of the lakes studied and also to locate others ; for they 

 are represented, in almost every instance, by hill-surrounded, 

 lake-bottom plains, — features easily detected on a good topo- 

 graphic map. 



The accompanying map of a part of the state (fig. 1) shows 

 in black the approximate location of four of these long, nar- 

 row lakes. Concerning some of them much of detail can be 

 given, but of others, in the preliminary survey now being 

 executed, little more than the proof of their existence has been 

 learned. This is a problem that will yield very interesting 

 results, when it is possible to go into a further, more exhaustive 

 study. 



The north, and largest of this group of finger lakes extends 

 along the valley of Chippewa river from near Medina on the 

 north, southward past Seville and Creston, then eastward almost 

 to Canal Fulton, in the northwest corner of Stark county. 

 Chippewa and Luna lakes and a pond near Doylestown station 

 are remnants of this lake. Formerly it must have attained a 

 length of twenty miles, and at Creston a width of about four 

 miles. In its east and west portion past Rittman, it was 

 probably less than a mile wide. A rather definite beach of sand 

 was found at several points east and south of Chippewa lake 

 but 25-40 feet above its present level; and also on both 'sides 

 of Rittman. Fine clays and sandy clays floor almost the entire 

 valley as outlined : but in patches between Chippewa lake and 

 the Medina county line south, and also in large areas around 

 Creston, the soil is black and carbonaceous, suitable for the 

 growing of onion sets and celery. 



South of Chippewa lake are two loops of waterlaid, and 

 much subdued, moraine, bearing clays over their summits ; 

 and at two or three other points near Doylestown, moraine 

 across the valley is not quite obliterated. Massive morainic 

 loops cross the valley at Canal Fulton and at a dozen places 

 southward to Massillon, beyond which is much outwash gravel 

 and sand. This series of morainic loops formed the plug at 

 the south end of the valley ; the rock walls held in the lake at 

 the sides, and the ice at the north. As the ice withdrew it 

 occasionally halted and several minor halts are marked by the 

 moraines noted in the valley; and then, while standing a longer 

 time with its front just south of the site of Medina, large 

 moraines were built there which prevented the waters ever 

 finding an outlet northward, in consequence of which the drain- 

 age is southeastward down the Chippewa to the Tuscarawas 

 river. 



South of this lake bed near Orrville, and eastward to North 

 Lawrence, is another one, which was mentioned by Read, in 



