C. D. Walcott — Cambrian Rooks of Pennsylvania. 39 



tions of the limestone in Franklin county.* From this and 

 the fact that the lower portions of these limestones and the 

 superjacent quartzites or sandstones were known to be of lower 

 Cambrian age in their extension into New Jersey, I began the 

 examination of them in the vicinity of Reading, where their 

 relations to the Reading sandstone are well defined. The 

 Scolithus linearis occurs abundantly in the quartzites of Penn 

 mountain, east of Reading, and on the south side of Neversink 

 mountain across the Schuylkill. In the upper layers of the 

 sandstone or quartzite I obtained Hyolithellus micans and 

 fragments of a species of Olenellus. This locality is about one- 

 half mile above Klappenthal station, on the Philadelphia & 

 Reading railroad, and the terminal station of the electric road 

 running out of Reading over the Neversink mountain. West 

 of the first railroad cut above the station thinner beds of quartz- 

 ite are met with, between the cut and the stone-crusher that 

 carry fossils. The quartzites are more or less contorted and 

 folded, but their stratigraphic relations to the main quartzites 

 of the mountain and to the adjoining limestones are readily 

 determined. No fossils were observed in the limestones. 



The sections in the vicinity of Allentown and Bethlehem were 

 examined and found to be essentially the same as at Reading, 

 the quartzites passing beneath the limestone. In the quarries 

 at Catasauqua, four miles north of Allentown, I noted the oc- 

 currence of a large Pleurotomaria, of the type of Pleuroto- 

 maria canadensis, of the Calciferous horizon in New Y"ork 

 and Canada. In the report of the Second Pennsylvania Geo- 

 logical Survey of Lehigh and Northampton counties the locali- 

 ties of fossils are all on the northern side of the outcrop of 

 limestone, in the strata that dip to the northward beneath the 

 superjacent shales. The Trenton horizon is represented in the 

 limestone immediately beneath the shales (called "Hudson"), 

 and lower down, in massive limestone, species of Maclurea or 

 Euomphalus have been found that indicate the Chazy horizon. 

 This distribution of faunas is the same as in Franklin county, 

 w T here the lower Cambrian fauna occurs at the base of the 

 limestone near the quartzites, and the Trenton fauna at the 

 summit, near the base of the superjacent shales. 



The limestones were examined in the vicinity of Easton, 

 along Bushkill creek and the shores of the Delaware river. 

 No fossils were found with the exception of a species of Cryp- 

 tozoan : but from the similarity of the limestone to that of the 

 lower portion of the series near Allentown, Reading and in 

 Lancaster country, it is quite probable that they represent the 

 lower or Cambrian portion of the section. Five or six miles 

 north of Easton, in the vicinity of Churchville, fossils were 



*Loc. cit, p. 478. 



