G. F. Wright — Continuity of the Glacial Period. 169 



the valley at and south of Clarendon, and to the singular 

 course of the Tionesta river in flowing away from the broad 

 valley at Barnesville through a very narrow one at right angles 

 to it. But in a hasty trip to the region no definite results had 

 been attained. Upon returning, however, with Mr. Leverett 

 it was found that the whole appearance indicates that the south 

 branch of the Tionesta formerly flowed along a valley occupied 

 by the north branch, past Clarendon, through a buried channel 

 to the Allegheny. Positive evidence of this fact also was fur- 

 nished by Mr. D. E. Waugeman, a dealer in materials for well 

 drilling, who was cognizant of the history of nearly all the 

 wells sunk for oil in that vicinity. According to his testimony 

 (and he furnished the materials for many of them) several of 

 the wells sunk near the station at Clarendon were driven 

 through gravel and sand from 160-171 feet before striking 

 rock. This would carry the depth of the buried channel nearly 

 to the level of the present bottom of the Allegheny, five miles 

 to the north. A well was subsequently reported to Mr. Lev- 

 erett, which is situated on a terrace two miles south of Claren- 

 don, to have penetrated 263 feet of drift, giving the rock floor 

 there an altitude of but 1167 feet A. T. or but 73 feet above 

 the lowest known point in the rock floor at Warren and only 

 20 feet above the undisputed limit of preglacial erosion there. 

 It was noted further that in the vicinity of the place of rever- 

 sal below Barnesville the small side valleys are excavated 

 broadly to such a depth as to show (as Mr. Leverett and myself 

 agreed) that erosion there, like that at Warren, had been car- 

 ried nearly to its present depth in preglacial times, and that 

 the col may not have been materially lowered by the reversal 

 because of the excessive amount of filling north of it (see 

 Fig. 3). We were much impressed by the great amount of 

 drift on the Clarendon watershed, as well as by the fact that 

 Archaean pebbles are numerous. The level of the watershed, 

 near Clarendon station, is 235 feet above the river at Warren, 

 the river level being about 1160 feet A. T. The gravel ter- 

 race rises, as determined by Mr. Leverett's observations, 105 

 feet higher, or 340 feet above the Allegheny, which makes it 

 about 100 feet higher than the terrace just described on the 

 Conewango east of Warren, and fully 200 feet above the rock 

 floor of the Tionesta, at the place of reversal near Barnesville 

 twelve miles to the south, and more than 300 feet above the 

 rock floor in the boring two miles south of Clarendon. This 

 terrace in the valley of the Tionesta is also exceedingly well 

 developed two miles south of Clarendon just west of Tiona. 

 We did not find any Canadian pebbles south of Tiona but 

 there was much gravel in the valley, especially where the two 

 branches of the Tionesta at Barnesville join to enter the gorge 



