CARBONIFEROUS AGE. 



325 



The Sigillarids differed from the Lepidodendrids in having the 

 scars in vertical series, as shown in Figs. 622, 623. 



In both the Sigillarids and Lepidodendrids, the appearance of the 

 scars of the same species varied much with age ; and the same scar is 

 wholly different in form at surface from what it is below it, as shown 

 in Figs. 622 and 623, in the part of each of which, to the right, an 

 impression of inner surface of the stem is shown. The trunk, while 

 woody, was not firmly so within ; and it had a large pith. Stumps 

 made hollow by decay, and now filled with sand and clay, and fossil- 

 ized, are common in the Coal-measures. Of many such, there remain 

 only casts in sand, showing an impression of the scarred exterior. 



Figs. 625-629 A. 



629 A 



Pig. 625, Antholithes priscus ; 626, A. ? 627, A. Pitcaimeae? Scars op Tree-ferns. — Pif. 



628, Caulopteris punctata (X %) ; 629, Megaphytum McLeayi ; 629 A, Cyathea compta. 



The Stigmaria, described on page 269, as the under-water-stems of 

 Sigillarids or Lepidodendrids, were often large, many of the fossil 

 stems being four to six inches in diameter. Fig. 624 represents a por- 

 tion of a stem, with its rounded depressions or scars, to each of which 

 there is sometimes a long leaf-like appendage attached. 



The accompanying figures, from Newberry, represent peculiar forms 

 which have been supposed to be remains of flowers, and have hence 



