CARBONIFEROUS AGE. 343 



possibly the same species, has been found by Moore, near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. 

 Archimylacris Acadicus Scud , East River, Pictou, Nova Scotia; Mylacris anthracophUa 

 Scud., Morris, Illinois. 



2. Neuropters. — Fig. 669, Miamia BronsoniD., twice the natural size, Morris, Illi- 

 nois; Fig. 670, M. Dance Scud., Morris, Illinois; flemeristia Occident alls D., ibid.; 

 Haplophkbium Banusii Scud., Little Glace Bay, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia; Chrestotes 

 lapidea Scud., Morris, Illinois; Megathentoraum pustulatum Scud., a delicate wing, two 

 inches in breadth, from Morris, Illinois; Euphemerites simplex Scud., E. gigas Scud., 

 and E. affinis Scud., from Morris, Illinois. 



5. Vertebrates. — (a.) Fishes. — Fig. 673, Eurylepis tuberculatus Newb. ; and 

 Fig. 674, Coelacanthus elegans Newb., — both Ganoids from the Coal-measures at Linton» 

 Ohio : the latter is remarkable for not having the tail heterocercal, although strictly 

 vertebrated. Eight other species of Eurylepis, two of Catlacanthus, and three of Rhizo- 

 dus, have been described by Newberry from Linton. Other Ganoids occur, of the 

 genera Meyaliclithys, Palmoniscus, Amblypterus, and Pygopterus, in the Coal measures of 

 the United States and Nova Scotia. 



Among Selachians, the following European genera have been recognized in the Coal- 

 measure limestones of Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, etc., — the species being 

 generally distinct from those of the Old World : 1. Hybodonts: genera Diplodus and 

 Cladodus ; Diplodus compressus Newb., Linton, Ohio; D. latus Newb., ibid.; D. gracilis 

 Newb., ibid. ; 2. Petalodots : genera Petalodus, Ctenoptycliius, Chomatodu* ; Fig. 

 675, Petalodus destructor N. & W., from Illinois; 677 a, 677 b, Petrodus occidmtalis N. 

 & W. from Illinois, Indiana, etc.; 676, fin-spine found associated with the scales of 

 Petrodus occidental^, and referred by F. H. Bradley to the same species. Also Ortha- 

 canthus arcuatus Newb., Linton; Compsacanthus levis Newb., Linton; Drepanacanthus. 

 anceps N. & TV"., from Springfield, Illinois. 



(b.) Reptiles. — Amphibians. — Fig. 679, Raniceps Lyellii Wyman, found by Dr. 

 Newberry, along with fossil fishes, at Linton, Ohio: Fig. 678, Amphibamus grandiceps 

 Cope, from Morris, Illinois; Fig. 680, vertebrae and ribs, of a species figured by 

 Wyman, but not named, from Linton, Ohio. Baphetes planiceps Owen, from Pictou, 

 Nova Scotia; the specimen is a portion of the skull, seven inches broad; Dendrerpeton 

 Acadianum, found in the stump of a Sigillaria at the Joggins (p. 339), probably about 

 two and a half feet long, and having the body covered with scales, and the whole sur- 

 face of the cranium sculptured; D. Oiceni Dn., ibid.; Hylonomus Lyelli Dn., ibid.; 

 H. aciedentatus Dn., ibid.; H. Wymani Dn., ibid.; Hylerpeton Dawsoni Owen, ibid. 



Amphibian footprints have been observed in the Coal-measures of Pennsylvania, 

 Kansas, Indiana, and Nova Scotia. Near Westmoreland, Pa., in a layer situated about 

 100 feet below the horizon of the Pittsburg coal, Dr. A. T. King counted twenty-three 

 consecutive steps of one individual, which he named Then<iropus heterodactylus ; the 

 tracks of the hind-feet five-toed, and of the fore feet four-toed, — the former five 

 and a half inches long, and the latter four and a half inches; and the distance between 

 the successive tracks six to eight inches, and between the two lines about the same. 

 Another species from the same region is the Cheirothei-ium Reiteri of Moore. 



Enaliosaurs. — Fig. 681, vertebra of Eosaurus Acadianus Marsh, reduced to one half 

 the natural size, being one of two united vertebrae found by Marsh at the Joggins, 

 Nova Scotia, 5,000 feet below the top of the Coal -measure series; 681 a. transverse 

 section of same, showing its biconcave character. The resemblance to the vertebra of 

 an Ichthyosaurus (Fig. 807, p. 442), is close; and, from the depth of its concavities, the 

 animal is supposed by Marsh to have been one of the most fish- like of the tribe. Hux- 

 ley has suggested, in view of the characters of the Anthracosaurus Russtlli of the Brit- 

 ish Coal fields, described by him, that the animal may have been a Labyrinthodont with 

 biconcave vertebras. Marsh has given reasons for holding to his first opinion that the 

 species was an Enaliosaur. 



