856 



APPENDIX. 



neous rocks; metamorphic rocks. — 64. Porphyritic rocks. — 66. Quartzose, and other 

 terras; acidic, basic. — 69. Conglomerate ; Sandstone. — 68. Shale; Argillyte; Tufa; 

 Sand; Clay; Alluvium. — 69. Limestone; Dolomyte; Oolyte; Chalk; Travertine. — 

 70. Granular Limestone ; Dolomyte ; Metamorphic rocks ; Quartzyte. — 71. Granite. 



— 72. Gneiss; Mica Schist; Hydromica Schist. — 73. Syenyte; Syenyte-gneiss ; Dio- 

 ryte. — 75. Protogine ; Chlorite Schist; Serpentine. — 76. Igneous rocks. — 77. Felds- 

 pathic series ; Felsyte ; Trachyte. — 78. Hornblende and Augite series ; Dioryte ; Dol- 

 eryte. 



VI. Lithological Geology, continued. — Page 79. Stratified rocks; the three 

 conditions. — 79-81. Stratification. — 81. A layer; stratum; formation; terrane. — 

 Origin of strata. — 82. Massive structure; shaly; laminated: compound structures. — 

 83. Ebb-and flow structure; flow and-plunge structure; sand-drift structure. — 81. 

 Ripple-marks; rill-marks; mud-cracks; rain-prints. — 85. Concretionary structure. — 

 88. Jointed structure; joints. — 89. Slaty structure. — 90. Scratches, etc., on rocks. 



VII. Lithological Geology, continued. — Page 91. Natural positions of strata. — 

 92. Consequent principle in Geology. — 92. 93. Dislocations, faults. — 93. Folds or flex- 

 ures. — 94. Outcrop; dip; strike. — 95. Anticlinal; synclinal; clinometer. — 96. Faults. 



— 96-98. Results of denudation in obscuring the order of Stratification. — 99. Calcu- 

 lating thickness of strata. — 100. Conformable; unconformable strata. — 101. Time of 

 upturning, how determined; overlap; true order of arrangement of Strata. — 101, 102. 

 Difficulties in the way of determining the order of arrangement. — 102, 103. Determina- 

 tion by order of superposition; precautions. — 104. Second means of determination. — 

 104, 105. Third method; principles on which the value of fossils depends, and the 

 uncertainties connected with the method. — 107. Unstratified rocks: examples. — 108- 

 111. General nature of Veins. — 111, 112. Dikes. — 112. Simple and banded Veins. — 

 113. False Veins. 



VIII. Life. — Page 114. Characteristics of a living being. — 115. The first distinc- 

 tion between a Plant and an Animal; the second; the third; the fourth; the fifth. — 

 116. The sixth; the seventh. — The Sub-kingdoms of Animals. — Protozoans. — 117. 

 Characteristics of Radiates, and examples. — 118. Id. of Mollusks. — 118, 119. Id of 

 Articulates. — 120. Id. of Vertebrates. — Recapitulation. — 121. Characteristics of Mam- 

 mals, and examples. — Id. of Birds. — Id. of Reptiles, and the two subdivisions. — Id. 

 of Fishes. — Names of Classes of Articulates. — Characteristics of Insects, and exam- 

 ples. — Id. of Spiders. — Id. of Myriapods. — Id. of Crustaceans. — 122. Id. of "Worms. 



— The three Orders of Crustaceans, and their distinctions. — 122, 123. Trilobites. 



IX. Life, continued. — Pages 123, 124. The three subdivisions of Mollusks; their 

 characteristics, with examples. — 124. Subdivisions of Ordinary Mollusks, with ex- 

 amples. — 124, 125. Peculiarities of Cephalopods. — 125. Peculiarities of the two groups 

 of Cephalates. — Name of the group of Acephals, and peculiarities. — 126. Ascidians. — 

 The two groups of Brachiate Mollusks; distinctions between Brachiopods and Conchi- 

 fers, or the ordinary Bivalves. — 127. Peculiarities of Bryozoans. — The three Classes 

 of Radiates. — Characteristics of Echinoderms. — Id. of Acalephs. — Id. of Polyps. — 

 128. Distinctions of Crinoids and other Echinoderms. —128, 129. Distinctions of the 

 three groups of Crinoids. — 129, 130. Coral-making Acalephs. — 130. The two Orders 

 of Polyps ; formation of Coral. — 131. Characteristics of Rhizopods. — 132. Id. of 

 Sponges. 



X. Life, continued. — Page 133. Cryptogams: Thallogens, with examples, Anogens, 

 Acrogens; the three grand divisions of Acrogens. — The second grand division of 

 plants. — 133, 134 Characteristics of Gymnosperms, with examples. — The subdivisions 

 of Gymnosperms. — Id. of Angiosperms, with examples. — Id. of Endogens. — Dico- 

 tyledons; Monocotyledons. — 134, 135. Algae; Fucoids. — Kinds of Algae having cal- 

 careous secretions; kinds having siliceous secretions; Desmids. 



Historical Geology. — Pages 136, 137. Three principles characterizing subdi- 

 visions in all history, whether the limits of an Age are marked or not in the rocks. — 

 137. Fourth principle. — 138. Fifth principle. — Sixth principle; use of the word equiv- 

 alent. — 139. The Ages. — 140. The five higher divisions of Time, and the ages they 

 correspond to. — 141. Basis of the subdivisions into Periods and Epochs. — 145. Thick- 



