892 



INDEX. 



Lophiodon, 505,§ 507, 511, 516, 

 517. 



minimus, 518, 519. 



validus, 510. 

 Lophophyllum proliferum, 341. 

 Lorraine shales, 164, 195. 196. 

 Louisiana, terraces in, 548. 

 Loup Paver group, 495. 

 Loven, on Cystids, 289. 

 Low- lands, 15. § 

 Lower Devonian, 254. 

 Lower Helderberg limestones, 

 237. 



American species, occurring 

 elsewhere, 248. 

 Lower Helderberg period, 164, 



233. 

 Lower Magnesian limestone, 



163, 183, 193, 377, 378. 

 Lower Silurian. See Silurian. 

 Loxomma Allmanni, 351. 

 Loxonema, 243, 284, 303, 429. 



semicostatum, 342. 



sinuosum, 247. 

 Loxotrema, 508. 

 Lubbock, on Stone Age, 574. 

 Lucina, 475, 508. 



borealis, 510. 



Portlandica, 449. 



proavia, -260*261. 



serrata, 518. 

 Ludlow beds, 164, 244, 247. 



beds, land- plants in. 245. 

 Lunatia, 508. 



Grcenlandica, 553. 



heros, 510, 553. 

 Lutricola alta, 510. 

 Lychnocanium Lucerna, 132.* 

 Lyckholm group, 164 

 Lycopodia, 133,§ 242, 245, 257,§ 

 268,318,321,323,324,354, 

 364. 



ash, composition of, 365, 366 



composition of, 362. 



spores, composition of, 361. 

 Lycopodites, 348. 



plumula, 297. 

 Lycopodium chamaecyparissus, 

 366. , 



clavatum, 365. 



complanatum, 362, 366. 



dendroideum, 242, 362, 366. 



selago, 532. 

 Lycosa, 342. 

 Lydian-stone, 53. § 

 Lyell, C, Champlain in Eu- 

 rope, 555. 



changes of level in Sweden, 

 582. 



climate, 44. 



erosion, 643, 647. 



expansion by heat, 721. 



Glacial period, 541. 



Neanderthal skull, 575. 



Niagara retrocession, 590. 



Recent Period in England, 

 562. 



Spitzbergen Tertiary plants, 

 515. 



Tertiary periods, 489, 491. 

 Lynx, 564. 

 Lyrodesma cuneata, 247. 



Machaera patula, 510. 

 Machaera can thus sulcatus, 



262* 

 Machserodus, 506, 519, 520, 

 564 § 

 latidens, 564, 571, 576. 



Mackenzie River in the Creta- 

 ceous period, 480 

 River system, 22. 

 Maclurea Arctica, 185, 209. 

 limestone, 185. 

 Logani, 191,* 208. 

 magna, 185, 191 * 203, 209. 

 matutina, 189, 192. 

 sordida, 192. 

 Macoma f ragilis, 553. 

 sabulosa, 553, 559. 

 Macrocheilus fusiformis, 333,* 

 342. 

 Newberryi, 342. 

 ventricosus, 342. 

 Macrodon carbonarius, 332* 



342. 

 Macropetalichthys Sullivanti, 



263.* 

 Macropterna divaricans, 412,* 



417. 

 Macrostachys, 348. 

 Macrothere, 518. § 



122, 



335, 475, 



Macrurans 

 593. 



first of, 372. 



range of, in time, 388* 

 Mactra Ashburnerii, 458. 



f unerata, 509. 



lateralis, 5J0. 



ovalis, 553. 



rostrata, 450. 

 Madagascar, iEpyornis of, 580. 

 Madison River, geysers of, 750.* 

 Madrepora, 620,§ 621. 



palmata, analysis of, 60 

 Madreporic body, 128. § 

 Maestricht beds, 470. 

 Magas, 171. 

 Magnesia, 364. 

 Magnesian fossils in common 



limestone, 74. 

 Magnesian limestone, 74 ,§ 369, 



377, 378. 

 Magnesite, 58. § 

 Magnesium, 50 § 

 Magnetic iron ore, 75 § 

 Magnetite, 59. § 

 Magnolia, 471, 497, 514. 



Hilgardiana, 498. 



Tnglefieldi, 49S. 



Lesley ana, 498. 



tenuifolia, 469. 

 Mahoning sandstone, 311. 

 Maine, Archaean, 150. 



fiords in, 534. 



in Quaternary, 552. 



in Recent period, 561. 



Lower Helderberg in, 237, 

 238 



Niagara in, 221. 



Oriskany in, 241. 



Quaternary in, 530, 537, 

 561 



terraces in, 550. 



uplifts in, 289. 

 Maioids, 593. 

 Malachite, 782. 

 Malaguti & Durocher, analyses 



of ashes, 365. 

 Mallet, on heat from crushing, 

 719, 722. 



on earthquakes, 805. 

 Mallotus villosus, 553 

 Malmb group, 164, 245. 

 Malocystis Murchisoni, 190.* 

 Mammals, 121, § 332, 592, 602. 



Age of, 139. 



classification of, 416. § 



Mammals, culmination of the 

 type of, 587, 598. 



first, 403, 411, 415 * 435, 489, 

 600. 



introduction of, 846. 



Jurassic, 446. 



Mesozoic, 486. 



range of, in time, 140, 589.* 



Quaternary, large size of, 

 563, 565. 



Quaternary, contemporane- 

 ous with Man, 574, 576, 578. 



Tertiary, 513, 516, 517, 519, 

 602. 

 Mammalian age, 489. 

 Mammoth coal-bed, 311, 313, 



321, 331. 

 Mammoth, 564, 568. 

 Mammoth Cave, river in, 665. 



period, 562, 574. 

 Man, Age of, 139, 527, 571. 



anterior limbs not organs of 

 locomotion, 592. 



characteristics of, 578. 



earliest in Europe, 576. 



intellectual character of , how 

 expressed in his structure. 

 579. 



introduction of, 604, 846. 



origin of, 603 



position in classification, 578, 

 592. 



Quaternary mammals cotem- 

 poraneous with, 574, 576, 

 577, 578. 



relics of, 564, 573*574, 579. 



skeletons of, 574, 575,* 579, 

 580.* 



structure of, 596. 

 Man-apes, 603. 

 Manatee, extinction of a species 



of, 581. 

 Manatus, 518. § 

 Manitoulin Islands, 220. 

 Mangrove, growth of, 606 

 Mantellia megalophylla, 436 * 

 Mantle, 124 § 



Map of Archaean North Ameri- 

 ca, 149* 



of axes of folds in Pennsyl- 

 vania, 397* 



of Azores, 47 * 



of Connecticut trap ridges, 

 20* 418.* 



of courses of Pacific chains, 

 32,* 34* 



of Cretaceous N. America, 

 479.* 



of England, 344.* 



of Hawaian Islands, 31.* 



of Hawaii, 725,* 730.* 



of land and water hem- 

 ispheres, 10.* 



of Loyalty group, 30.* 



of Marquesas Islands, 31.* 



of New Caledonia, 30* 



of New Hebrides, 30.* 



of New York and Canada, 

 165.* 



of Pennsylvania coal-fields, 

 310.* 



of submerged border of con- 

 tinent, 421* 



of Tertiary N. America, 521.* 



of Tahitian Islands, 31.* 



of trap of Connecticut, 20,* 

 418.* 



of United States, 144* 292* 

 Maple, 459, 471,497,514. 



