INDEX. 



905 



Shell-marl, 69,§ 617. 

 Shepard, C. U., on phosphatic 



deposits, 496. 

 Sheppey, fossil fruits of, 514. 

 Shotover sand, 435. 

 Shrimp, 12l,§ 592. 

 Shrinkage-cracks, 84,§* 168. 

 Shumard, B. F., Texas Creta- 

 ceous, 456. 



Texas Primordial, 168. 

 Shumardia, 190. 

 Sicily, elevation of, 525. 



erosion of Simeto in, 647. 



Pliocene of, 512, 513. 

 Sidell, on deposition, 677. 

 Siderite, 58,$ 318, 704 

 Sieboldia, 337. § 

 Sierra. 15. § 



Sierra Nevada, 24, 795, 797, 807, 

 821. 



glaciers in, 536. 



in the Mesozoic, 486. 



in the Triassic, 423. 



Jurassic in, 431, 432. 



Quaternary in, 532. 



terraces in, 549. 

 Sigillaria, 280, 296, 331, 339, 

 348, 349, 357. 



alveolaris, 331. 



Brochanti, 331. 



Hallii, 269 * 271. 



obovata, 324,* 330. 



oculata, 324,* 330. 



palpebra, 271. 



Serlii, 331. 



simplicitus 278. 



stellata, 331. 



tesselata, 331. 



Vanuxemi, 278.* 

 SigHlariae, or Sigillarids, 269,§ 

 325, 328, 351, 353, 356, 362, 

 407 

 Sigillarioides, 348. 

 Sigillarinstrobus, 330. 

 Silica, 49,§ 364. 



as a solidifier, 50, 708. 



soluble, 53,§ 478.§ 

 Siliceous group. 294, 379. 



Aeposits, 708, 749, 750* 



materials of rocks from living 

 species, 59, 60. 



rocks, 63 § 



slate, 71 § 



solutions, 706. 

 Silicon, 49§ 

 Sillery sandstone, 184. 

 Silliman, B , on obsidian, 78. 

 Silt, 68, § 654. 



of rivers, amount of, 656. 

 Silurian ago, 139,§ 162. 



highest animal types in. 252. 



number of species in, 249. 



species of Lower and Upper 

 mingled, 249, 253 



subdivisions of, 162, 163. 

 Silurian, Lower, 1*56. 



thickness of, 381 

 Silurian, Upper. 21S. 



absent from Upper Missouri, 

 232. 



Arctic American species of, 

 occurring elsewhere, 249. 



climate of. 253 



general observations on, 249. 



number of species in, 253. 



thickness of, 381. 

 Silver Islet, 186. 

 Silver mines of Utah, 296. 

 Simeto, erosion of the, 647. 



Simosaurus, 428, 429. 



Sindree, changes of level at, 585. 



Sinemurian group, 435. 



Sink-holes, 665. 



Sinter, 7l.§ 



Siphonated Mollusks, 482. 



Siphonia lobata, 471,* 474. 



pyriformis, 476. 

 Siphonotreta, 173.*§ 



unguiculata, 173,* 208. 



range of, in time, 386.* 

 Siphuncle, 124,§ 201. 

 Siredon, 337. § 

 Siren, 337. § 

 Sivatherium, 520.§ 

 Siwalik Hills, Mammals of, 520. 



Miocene in, 613. 

 Skiddaw slates, 163, 192. 

 Slate, 49, 72,§ 75.§ 



siliceous, 71. § 

 Slaty cleavage or structure, 

 89,§ 628. 



origin of, 803, 834. 



production of, in glacier-ice, 

 697. 

 Slaty rocks, 63. § 

 Slides, 665. 

 Slope of loose materials, 630. 



mountains, 16, 18. §* 



Rocky Mountains, 17-* 



volca,nic mountains, 18.* 

 Sloth, 565, 610. 



tribe, earliest of, 518. 

 Smelt, 475. 

 Smilax, 497- 

 Smith, J.L., Greenland iron, 



781. 

 Smithsonite, 197. 

 Snake River, volcanic rocks of, 



524. 

 Snakes, 121,5 338,§ 502, 509, 



510,516,592,598. 

 Snipes, 466. § 



Snow-line on heights, 692. 

 Snowy Owl, 573. 

 Soapstone, 55, § 75. § 

 Soda in plants, 365. 



salts, 630. 

 Sodium, 51. § 

 Soil, 69 § ' 

 Soissonnais beds, 513. 

 Solemya, 385. 

 Solen, 508. 



Solenhofen beds, 436, 446. 

 Solenocaris, 267. 

 Solenomya, first of, 261. 



radiata, 342. 

 Soliataras. 736. § 

 Solitaire, 580, 581.* 

 Sorby, H. C, 769. 

 Soundings off New Jersey and 



Long Island, 422.* 

 South America, Carboniferous 

 in, 345. 



Cretaceous in, 470. 



drainage of. 25. 



fiords in, 534. 



glaciers in, 536. 



mean height of, 14. 



Quaternary in, 532. 



Quaternary Mammals of, 568, 

 571. 



surface form of, 24 * 



temperature of, 41. § 



trends in, 36. 

 Southbury Triassic area, 405, 



419. 

 South Carolina, Archaean in, 

 150. 



South Carolina, Cretaceous in, 

 455. 



in the Cretaceous, 479. 



phosphate beds of, 495. § 



Tertiarv in, 490, 491, 494, 

 495, 511. 

 South Sea. See Pacific. 

 Southwest Pass, bar at, 660. 

 Sow-bug, 122.§* 

 Spain, Carboniferous in, 344, 

 345, 347. 



Cretaceous in, 470. 



in the Quaternary, 573. 



Lower Silurian in, 207. 



plateau of, 21. 



Triassic in, 424. 

 Spalacodon, 519. 

 Spalacotherium Brodiei, 450. 

 Spathic iron, 318, 704. 

 Spatularia, 264. 

 Species. See Life, Animals, 

 Plants, Migrations. 



representative, 599. 

 Specific gravities of rocks, 65. 



heats of rocks, 719. 

 Specular iron, 59, 75. 

 Speeton clay, 476. 

 Sphserium, 617. 

 Sphaeronites, 207. 

 Sphagnum, 362, 364, 616. 



ash of, 365. 



commune, 365. 



composition of, 362. 

 Sphagodus, 247. 

 Sphalerite, 197. 

 Sphenophyllum,198, 328, 348. 



antiquum, 271. 



emarginatum, 331. 



Schlotheimii,327,*330. 

 Sphaenopoterium obtusum,302. 



cuneatum, 302. 

 Sphaerozoum orientale, 133 * 

 Sphaerulites, 460, 462. 



Hceninghausi, 472,* 475. 

 Sphenopteris, 271, 348, 349, 370, 

 433. 



anthriscifolia, 349. 



artemisiaefolia, 331. 



Eocenica, 497. 



glandulosa, 331 



Gravenhorstii, 326 * &30. 



Harttii, 271. 



Hitchcockiana, 271 



Hceninghausi, 271. 



Hookeri, 283. 



Humphriesiana, 283. 



latifolia, 331. 



Mantelli, 450. 



Newberry i, 331. 



obtusiloba, 331. 



plumosa. 449 



polyphylla, 331. 



Sch'imperi, 283. 



tridactylites, 330. 

 Spherulite.s, 77,§ 86. 

 Spicula of Sponges, 132 * 257,* 



472. 

 Spiders, 121,$ 331, 335, 349, 351, 

 441* 613. 



first of, 335* 



range of, in time, 388.* 

 Spinax Blainvillii, 262.* 

 Spirangium, 349 

 Spirifer, 171,*$. 228, 243,5 252, 

 278, 283, 284, 299, 307, 371, 

 409, 448. 



acuminatus, 256, 260,* 261. 



alatus, 372. 



arenosus, 232, 242,* 243. 



