562 



CENOZOIC TIME — MAMMALIAN AGE. 



tude ; Horses much larger than the moderns ; species of Ox, Bison, 

 Tapir, gigantic Beavers, species of Dicotyles (related to the Hog) ; 

 also animals of the Sloth tribe, of the genera Megatherium, Mylodon, 

 and Megalonyx, of great size compared with those now living. 

 Among Carnivores there were a Bear, a Lion, and a Raccoon ; and 

 these were probably not cavern species, as no bone-caverns of these 

 animals have been found, although caverns are common in the 

 country. 

 The American Elephant ranged from Georgia, Texas, and Mexico 



Fig. 839. 



Skeleton of Mastodon giganteus (M. Ohioticus). 



on the south to Canada on the north, and to Oregon and California 

 on the west. A tooth was found in ancient alluvium near the Colo- 

 rado in 114J° W. and 35f° N. (Newberry). Parts of one skeleton 

 were dug up in Vermont at Mount Holly, 1415 feet above tide-level. 

 The species appears to have been most abundant to the south, in 

 the Mississippi valley, it preferring a warmer climate than that of 

 the E. primigenius. Fig. 837 represents one of the teeth found in 

 the State of Ohio. 



